Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Applications on Key Enzyme Activities of Nitrogen Metabolism and Protein Content of Rice in Saline-alkali Land

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20190719

Abstract

Abstract: In order to clarify the effects of nitrogen fertilizer applications on key enzyme activities of nitrogen metabolism and protein concent of rice in saline-alkali land, five kinds of nitrogen fertilizer operations were set up in the field experiment using japonica rice variety Kenjing 8 as material. Namely no nitrogen fertilizer(N0),farmers' conventional nitrogen application(N1,the total amount of pure N was 150 kg/ha,base fertilizer：tillering fertilizer：panicle fertilizer=6：3：1),balanced nitrogen application(N2,the total amount of pure N was 150 kg/ha,base fertilizer：tillering fertilizer：panicle fertilizer=4：3：3),balanced nitrogen reduction and fertilization(N3,the total amount of pure N was 135 kg/ha,base fertilizer：tillering fertilizer：panicle fertilizer=4：3：3),and nitrogen fertilizer advancement(N4,the total amount of pure N was 150 kg/ha,base fertilizer：tillering fertilizer：panicle fertilizer=5：3：2). Among them,N1 was used as a control. To analyze the activities of nitrate reductase(NR), glutamine synthetase(GS) and glutamate synthase(GOGAT) in flag leaves and grains at the heading stage of rice in saline-alkali land, as well as protein content and protein components in grains, the effect of amino acid content. Results showed that,compared with N1, N2, N3 and N4 increased the activity of NR, GS and GOGAT in the flag leaves of rice at the heading stage, especially the activities of NR, GS and GOGAT of N2 and N3 were significantly increased by 74.21%, 63.22%, 45.46% and 28.95%, 34.28%, 27.27%; The activities of NR, GS and GOGAT in the grain after heading decreased with the advancement of the filling process, and the trend of each period was consistent with the flag leaf at the heading stage. The albumin, globulin and gluten content of N2 and N3 were significantly increased by 28.30%, 14.29%, 10.32% and 20.76%, 9.89% and 8.70%, respectively. The prolamin was significantly reduced by 7.55% and 9.43%, respectively. The total protein content increased by 9.59% and 7.26%, respectively. The protein content of N4 and its components were improved, and gluten was significantly increased by 7.08%. The contents of total amino acids, essential amino acids and non-essential amino acids in the grains treated with N2 and N3 were significantly increased by 29.78%, 31.14%, 29.09% and 19.11%, 17.96%, 19.39%, respectively. N4 significantly increased the total amino acid and non-essential amino acid content. In summary, balanced nitrogen application and balanced nitrogen reduction are beneficial to maintain high levels of NR, GS and GOGAT activities during flag leaf and grain filling, and regulate protein content, its components and amino acid content, and effectively improve the nutritional quality of rice.

Key words: Rice, Nitrogen fertilizer applications, Nitrogen metabolism, Protein content, Amino acid, Saline-alkali land

CLC Number:

S143.1

JIANG Hongfang, LAN Yuchen, LI Meng, ZHAO Yang, LI Xiaolei, WANG Heying, XU Lingqi, WANG Junyu, ZHANG Jianing, Lü Yandong, GUO Xiaohong. Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Applications on Key Enzyme Activities of Nitrogen Metabolism and Protein Content of Rice in Saline-alkali Land[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2019, 34(S1): 213-220. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20190719.

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