Abstract: In order to provide high efficient viticultural management in Beijing alluvial plain,we studied the water consumption regularity of grapevine growing in such areas. The experimental vineyard was located in Pinggu District,Beijing. Rain shelter cultivation,soil mulching and drip irrigation were used during the growing season,the row and plant spacing was 3 m×2 m. By using a soil moisture sensor(Beijing Insentek Corporation) in the whole year,the soil moisture data of different depth(10-30,0-50,50-70,70-90,90-110 cm) of six-year-old Ruiduxiangyu(Vitis vinifera) are collected. The decrement of soil moisture during day time was considered as water consumption while during night time was considered as infiltration. Followed by this logic,the water consumption of different soil layers in each phenological period were calculated;Combined with monthly precipitation during almost 30 years in Beijing,we found out the regularity of grapevine water consumption. The results indicated that:From January to June,the amount of water consumption was quite close to precipitation;While during July to September that contributed 78% to the whole year's precipitation,the rainfall during these three months was 300 mm more than the water consumption. The water consumption during each phenological period were as follows:budburst was 12 mm,shoot rapid growing was 24 mm,blooming was 30 mm,fruit development was 72 mm,verison was 43 mm,fruit maturation and nutrient back-flowing period were the same,about 40 mm.The daily water consumption was about 1 mm from budburst to shoot rapid growing;It increased to 2.1 mm per day during blooming and 2.4 mm during fruit development;Then it decreased to 1.34 m during verison and 1.0 mm from fruit maturation and nutrient back-flowing period. During the first half of growing season,the proportion of water consumption of 10-50 cm was almost 70%;The proportion of water consumption of 50-70 cm was 8%-10% during budburst and shoot rapid growing,while maintained around 13%-19% from blooming to nutrient back-flowing period;The proportion of water consumption of 70-90 cm was 10%-14% from budburst to verison while increased to 18%-20% from fruit maturation to nutrient back-flowing period;The proportion of water consumption of 90-110 cm was only 7% from budburst to verison,while increased to above 20% from maturation to nutrient back-flowing period. In conclusion,daily water consumption changes dramatically during the first half of growing season,it remained relatively stable during the latter period;The highest daily water consumption occurred at fruit development. It presented logarithm relationship that the water consumption decreased as the depth of the soil increased. Besides,water consumption of grapevine root system showed temporal and spatial variation,shallow root system consumed much more during the former period of growing season while deep root system showed the opposite.

Key words: Grapevine, Regularity of water consumption, Alluvial plain

CLC Number: 

• S365