Abstract: This paper is concerned in the study of hereditary capacity of protein and lysine in summer-sown foxtail millets, the correlation between more than ten of amino acids, the direct effect of main agronomic characters on the summer-sown foxtail millet protein content. Authors advanced also in the paper the selective indices for increasing the summer-sown foxtail millet protein contents.It was shown in the pathway analysis on the main agronomic characters associated with protein content that the major factors responsible for increase of millet protein content were 1000-grain weight and milling rate. It is importance for 1000-grain weight to increase the protein content. Therefore, the important premise for improvement of the protein content would be regulating properly relation of the characters which greatly influence the protein content.Selective indices were used as standard for comprehensive judgement on the quality character based on other characters in. this paper. The formulas here may be applicable for breeding of foxtail millet with better quality.

Key words: Summer-sown foxtail millet, Protein, Hereditary capacity, Selective index