Abstract: The fertile hybrids were produced by crossing the upland cotton used as female parent with the wild thurber cotton as male parent when chromosomes were doubled. The genetic variation were analysed on main economic characters in their hybrid progenies. The results indicated that the varia-tional coefficients of both fibre length and seed index were lower, and the hereditary capacities were higher, which were 62.39% and 51.02% respectively, so the plant selection could be conduct from early generation, but the variation coefficients of boll number per plant, seed cotton per boll, seeds per boll, ginning outturn, ginning index fibre tensity were larger, and their hereditary capacities were low, so that mixed selection are suited for early generations and the plant selection will be effective at later stage.Under open pollination condition the useful characters were increased to some extent at later generation except the fibre tensity. Back-cross with the upland cotton continuously the economic characters were restored more faster in the progenies but continuous self-cross is unfavoreable to tne accumulation and reinforcement of the profitable characters.

Key words: Cotton, Hybridization, Heredity