摘要： 针对封闭式无土栽培营养液循环利用的特点，进行不同浓度营养液处理，研究其对黄瓜生长品质、产量及光合能力的影响，观察其叶片显微结构，以筛选适宜封闭式槽培黄瓜生长的营养液浓度。供试黄瓜品种中农26，营养液配方基础EC值为2.7 mS/cm，设置T1、T2（CK）、T3、T4和T5（EC值分别为2.3，2.7，3.1，3.5，3.9 mS/cm）共5个处理，测定黄瓜生长状况、叶片光合能力、果实品质及产量等。结果表明：随EC值增加，黄瓜果实可溶性糖含量升高，而VC、游离氨基酸与可溶性蛋白含量则先升后降。相比T2处理，T3叶片栅栏组织排列紧密，海绵组织相对疏松，叶片结构较好，qP、ΦPSⅡ与ETR高于其他处理，这显著提高了PSⅡ反应中心开放程度、PSⅡ电子传递效率与原初光化学反应效率，并将光能主要分配于光化学反应P和天线热耗散D，减少非光化学耗散Ex；且T3的β/α-1值最低，qP最高，PSⅠ与PSⅡ两系统运作相对平衡，光能利用效率较高，叶片光合作用增强，这也是果实品质及产量较高的物质基础，因此，T3处理较适合黄瓜植株生长发育。T4处理可溶性糖和可溶性固形物含量高于T2，且与T3差异不显著，T4叶片的净光合速率及光合色素含量最高，Pn比T2处理提高了58.85%。另外，T3、T4处理Fo较低且Fv/Fm高于T2，二者的PSⅡ反应中心活性较高。在封闭式槽培栽培条件下，营养液EC值为3.1，3.5 mS/cm处理黄瓜叶片光合电子传递效率较高，光合能力增强，提高了黄瓜产量及品质。

关键词: 黄瓜, 营养液浓度, EC值, 品质, 产量, 光合特性

Abstract: In order to screen the suitable concentration of nutrient solution for enclosed circulation trough of Cucumis sativus L., taking advantages of the characteristics of nutrient solution recycling in enclosed circulation trough, the effect of different concentrations of nutrient solution on the growth, quality, yield, photosynthetic capacity and microstructure of leaves were studied. Using Zhongnong 26 as experimental material, the basic EC value of nutrient solution was 2.7 mS/cm, the five treatments were T1, T2 (CK), T3, T4 and T5 (EC value 2.3, 2.7, 3.1, 3.5, 3.9 mS/cm respectively) and the growth status, photosynthetic capacity of leaves, fruit quality and yield were screened. The results showed that with the increase of EC value, the content of soluble sugar increased and VC, free amino acid and soluble protein of cucumber first increased and then decreased. Compared with T2, T3 had a better blade structure with closely arranged palisade tissue and relatively loose sponge tissue, and the qP,ΦPSⅡ and ETR values were higher than those of other treatments, which the open degree of PSⅡ reaction center, the efficiency of the original photochemical reaction and the electron transfer of the PSⅡ was significantly improved.And the light energy was mainly distributed to the photochemical reaction P and the antenna heat dissipation D, and reduced the part of non-photochemical dissipation Ex. The value of β/α-1 for T3 was the lowest and qP was the highest, the PSⅠ and PSⅡ were relatively balanced, the light energy utilization efficiency was higher, and the photosynthesis of leaves was enhanced, which was also the material basis for improving fruit quality and yield. Therefore, T3 treatment was more suitable for cucumber growth and development. The content of soluble sugar and soluble solids of T4 was higher than T2, there was no significant difference with T3 yet. The net photosynthetic rate and the photosynthetic pigment content in T4 leaves were the highest, Pn was increased by 58.85% compared with T2.In addition, the T3 and T4 treatments were lower in Fo and the Fv/Fm was higher than the T2 treatment, the PSⅡ reaction center activity of both were higher. Under the condition of closed trough culture, the photosynthetic electron transfer efficiency of cucumber leaves with EC value of 3.1 and 3.5 mS/cm was higher, and the photosynthetic capacity was enhanced, which improved the yield and quality of cucumber.

Key words: Cucumis sativus L., Concentration of nutrient solution, EC value, Quality, Yield, Photosynthesis characteristics

中图分类号: 

• S642.2