摘要： 为探讨植物生长调节剂（PGRs）对夏玉米茎秆生长冗余调控及产量形成的影响，于2014-2015年在河北农业大学辛集试验站进行了田间试验。以玉米杂交种蠡玉16为材料，设置5.63，7.50万株/hm² 2个密度，比较研究了2种PGRs（吨田宝和稀施宝）对叶片光合性能、干物质积累与分配、茎秆性状和产量的影响。结果表明：在喷施不同PGRs后，玉米的生长发育及产量均受到不同程度影响，并且在高密条件下影响更加明显。在高密条件下，吨田宝处理使玉米的千粒质量、产量分别提高了8.28%，17.59%，稀施宝处理可分别提高5.40%，23.15%。PGRs显著提高了玉米灌浆期穗位叶的净光合速率，在蜡熟期时，低密条件下吨田宝和稀施宝处理的穗位叶净光合速率分别较对照提高35.72%和18.08%；在高密条件下分别较对照增加36.11%和30.91%。化控处理降低了基部茎秆的长度，增加了粗度和抗穿刺力，抗倒性能大为提高。研究认为，密植高产玉米群体存在茎秆冗余，PGRs能够减少茎秆冗余生长、提高玉米产量，同时，从冗余角度考虑化控处理对玉米产量的提升作用也为今后研究提供了一条新思路。

关键词: 夏玉米, 茎秆冗余, 密度, 化控, 产量

Abstract: In order to make clear the effects of plant growth regulators(PGRs) on stalk growth redundancy and yield formation of summer maize,field experiment was conducted at the Xinji experimental station of Agricultural University of Hebei during 2014-2015.The effects of two PGRs(Duntianbao and Xishibao) on leaf photosynthetic rate,dry matter accumulation and partitioning,stalk characters and grain yield were studied using maize hybrid Liyu 16 as material under planting densities of 56 300,75 000 plants/ha.The results showed that maize growth and development and yield were effected by different degree with the PGRs treatment. The effects were more significant under high density. The 1000-grain weight and yield of maize of Duntianbao treatment under high density could be increased by 8.28%, 17.59%, respectively; it could be increased by 5.40%, 23.15%, respectively for Xishibao. The ear-leaf photosynthetic rate was significantly increased for the two PGRs.At dough stage,the ear-leaf photosynthetic rate of Duntianbao and Xishibao under low density was increased by 35.72% and 18.08%,respectively,while it was increased by 36.11% and 30.91% under high density.The length of basal inter-nodes was decreased,while it thickness and puncture resistance were increased,so the lodging resistance ability was enhanced.It could be deduced from the study that stalk redundancy was exist under high planting density and it could be decreased by proper PGRs,thus maize yield could be improved.At the same time,a new idea for studying the improvement of PGRs on maize yield from the view of redundancy control in the future was supplied.

Key words: Summer maize, Stalk redundancy, Planting density, Chemical regulation, Yield

中图分类号: 

• S513.01