摘要： 于2006-2007年在大田条件下对灌水、施氮量和水氮互作对2个不同类型的冬小麦品种石新733和石麦15叶片叶绿素含量和光合速率的影响进行了研究。结果表明，适量施氮对提高小麦叶片叶绿素含量及光合速率效果明显。水氮耦合对叶绿素含量和光合速率具有类似的效应：灌拔节1水条件下，叶绿素含量及光合速率随施氮量的增高而增高；灌拔节、开花2水条件下；两品种旗叶叶绿素合成对施氮量需求呈现显著下降趋势，施氮量过高反而不利于叶绿素合成和光合速率的提高，石麦15表现更为明显；灌开花水可以延缓花后20.d后旗叶叶绿素的降解，但这一效应随着施氮量的增高而降低，石麦15表现尤其明显。叶绿素含量较低的品种石麦15在灌1水条件下叶绿素含量和光合速率在花后6～15 d呈显著正相关。石新733以春灌2水施纯氮20.kg/hm²，石麦15以春灌2水施纯氮120.kg/hm²叶绿素含量和光合速率最高。

关键词: 冬小麦, 水氮耦合, 叶绿素含量, 光合速率

Abstract: The effects of water,nitrogen and their coupling on the chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate of two different types of winter wheat were studied on the field conditions during 2006 -2007.The result showed that suitable nitrogen could evidently increase the chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate.The water and nitrogen coupling had similiar effect.The chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate of winter wheat leaves increased with the amount of nitrogen when irrigated one time during jointing stage.The demand of nitrogen that composing chlorophyll in flag leaves tend to decrease remarkably at the condition water two times at jointing and anthesis stage.The excessive nitrogen had a negative effect on chlorophyll and photosynthetic rate,especially on Shimai15(SM15).Anthesis water could delay the decompose of chlorophyll after 20 d after anthesis(daa).But the effect reduced with the nitrogen increasing,especially on SM15.SM15 had positive correlations between chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate during 6 -15 daa.Shixin 733(SX733)had the highest chlorophyll content and the photosynthesis rate under 240 kilograms pure nitrogen per hectare at irrigation two times treatment;While for SM15 was 120 kilograms pure nitrogen per hectare at the same condition.

Key words: Winter wheat, Water and nitrogen coupling, Chlorophyll, Photosynthesis rate

中图分类号: 

• S513