摘要： 将2~3片真叶的花培无根苗转入MS+MET 3.0mg/L+NAA 0.5mg/L+KT0.5mg/L+蔗糖8%的壮苗培养基， 4个月后和不加MET的相比植株变矮，分蘖和根系增多，每管苗平均栽1.55丛。秋季，当大气温度（日均温）下降到6℃时，将试管苗栽于田间，盖上塑料薄膜，成活率达98.2%。当早春气温（日均温）回升到2~3℃时，揭去塑料膜，自然加倍的植株单株成穗9.1个，结实249.7粒，穗粒数27.4粒，分别是温室自然加倍的3.37、6.05和1.86倍。田间自然加倍和人工加倍相结合每百株成穗289个，比自然加倍成穗数高12.9%，比人工加倍成穗数高91.8%。

关键词: 冬小麦, 花药培养, 试管苗, 结实穗数

Abstract: The rootless plantlets of anther cultural wheat with 2-3 main leaves were transplanted on the MS medium of hardening plantlets containing Bio-MET 3mg/L, NAA 0.5 mg/L, KT0.5 mg/L and 8% sucrose. After four months, the hight of plants cultured in this medium was lower and number of their tillers and roots was more than that cultured in medium without Bio-MET. The shoots per tube were planted into 1.55 hills, on the average. When the temperature declined at about 6癈 in autumn,the tube shoots were transplanted in the field covered by plastic film, then the survival rate was 90.2%. When the temperature rose to 2-3癈 in early spring, the plastic film was removed, and the number of seed-setting spikes per plant which doubled naturally was 9.1, the number of seeds per plant was 249.7 and the number of seeds per spike was 27.4. They were 3.37, 6.05, 1.86 times as much as those of the plants which doubled naturally in the greenhouse, respectively. The number of seed-setting spikes per 100 plant combining doubling naturally with double manully was 289, increased 12.9% and 91.8%, compared with those doubling naturally and doubling manully, respectively.

Key words: Winter wheat, Anther culture: Tube shoot, Seed-setting spikes