摘要： 40种基因型的大麦花药分别接种在附加2mg/L2,4-D和0.5mg/LKT的培养基上,共有31种基因型的花药形成了愈伤组织,最高愈伤组织诱导频率达到49%,绿苗诱导率达到1.4%.在培养基的筛选试验中,B₅和N₆培养基的效果明显优于MS和C₁₇.增加基本培养基中硝态氮含量或减少铵态氮含量都促进大麦花粉愈伤组织的形成.大麦花药接种后,用短期高温或低温处理有明显不同的效果.有些基因型经高温处理后.花粉愈伤组织诱导率得到很大提高,但受到低温处理的抑制.而另一些基因型经低温处理后,花粉愈伤组织诱导频率受到促进,但受到高温处理的抑制.不同材料对培养温度的反应有明显差异.本试验证明:激素2,4-D是诱导大麦花粉愈伤组织的必要成分.广泛收集和筛选不同的基因型,选择适宜的培养条件,可以提高大麦花粉愈伤组织的诱导频率.

关键词: 大麦, 花药培养, 基因型, 培养条件

Abstract: Anthers of 40 barley varieties were innoculated on MS Medinm Supplemented with 2mg/L 2,4-D and 0.5mg/L KT to exame genotypical difference and select genotypes with better ability of producing calli. There were thirty one varieties showed calli. The highest callus inducing frequeney got to 49%. The green plantlet inducing frequency was as high as 1.4%.Different varieties had various responses on MS, B5 and C17, N6 Media. Our results indicated that B5 and N6 Media were more effective for barley pollen callus formation than MS and C17 Media. It was found that reducing NH3+ contents or increacing N03- contents could promote pollen callus production.Culture temperature could influence the development of microspores in vitro. For some genotypes, the callus production could be promoted when innoculated anthers were treated with high temperature (30℃) for five days, but for others, the callus formation frequency could be enhanced when treated with low temperature (15℃).2, 4 -D was an essential factor in inducing pollen callus formation in barley as showed in our experiment.

Key words: Barley, Anther culture, Genotypes, Culture condition