摘要： 河北省花生田发生金龟子11种,其中优势种,冀东为华北大黑鳃金龟,冀中为暗黑鳃金龟,冀南为黄褐丽金龟.对其生物学研究发现:华北大黑鳃金龟具有雌虫交尾后取食花生叶片及成虫在地膜花生田以膜口做为出入土通道的特性;暗黑鳃金龟具有成虫出土后在矮棵植物上交尾取食及产卵较分散习性;黄褐丽金龟成虫前峰是田间为害幼虫的主要来源.依据上述结果,可采取花生叶面施药、药剂封膜口、毒榆枝诱杀成虫以及土壤施药浇水控制幼虫等措施.大面积防治应用后,虫口密度降低75.1%,虫果率下降78.6%,经济效益明显.这一防治方法已成为河北省花生田金龟子综合防治配套技术.

关键词: 金龟子, 生物学特性, 防治

Abstract: Eleven species of the grubs have been found in the peanut field in He bei Province. Holotrichia oblita Fald. is a main pest in the east of Hebei, H. Parallela Motsch. in the middle, and Anomala exoleta Fald. in the south. Their biological behaviours are as follows: Females of H. oblita Fald. heavily eat and damage the peanut leaves after mating, and the adults go out of or into the holes of plastic-sheeting covering the peanut seedlings. The adults of H. parallela Motsch. mate on bushes and low trees and eat their leaves alter getting out of the underground and lay eggs scatteredly. Anomala exoleta Fald. is a main insect pest for the peanut when the first high peak of the pest arises. On the basis of these behaviours the pests can be controled by spraying insecticides on the surfaces of the peanut leaves; covering the holes of the plastic sheet with insecticides; inducing and killing the pests with poison trap-branches of elm (Ulmus) ; irrigating the crop after insecticides are spreaded on the surface of the soil and so on. After using the controlling methods, population of the pests can reduce 75.1% and rate of wormy fruits reduce 78.6%.

Key words: Grub, Biological behaviour, Pest control