摘要： 利用太谷核不育小麦,开展以抗锈和矮秆丰产为主要目标的轮回选择,选择压分别为5.6%和4.7%.抗锈群通过一轮混合选择,条锈病反应型0—1级的抗病株率和严重度25%以下的轻病株率较基础群体分别提高12.5%和5.1%.矮秆丰产群采用两种轮选方案.经两轮选择看出,改良半姐妹法其群体的株高比基础群体明显降低6.2厘米,其余性状有向选择目标集中的趋势;混合选择法其群体除穗粒数外,其余性状进展趋势与上相同.

关键词: 小麦, 轮回选择

Abstract: Employing Tai-Gu nuclear male-sterile wheat, we conducted recurrent selection with the main objective of getting stripe rust resistance, dwarf stem and high yield. Selection pressure is 5.6% and 4.7% respectively. After one cycle of mass selection,the ratio of disease-resistant plants against stripe rust of the 0-1 order and the ratio of lightly diseased plants of susceptibility to rust under 25% have risen 12.5% and 5.1% respectively than those of the base populations. Dwarf-stem high-yielding populations using improveb half-sib method and mass selection method on the same base passed two cycles of selection. The results showed that the plant height of the half-sid population was significantly (6.2cm) lower than the base population. The rest five characters such as effective tellers,spike length,number of spike-lets, number of kernels on the main spike and 100-kernel weight all showed progressive tendency toward selection objectives.As for the mass selection population, with the exception of the kernel number per spike, all other characters showed the same tendency toward the selection objectives. The experiment suggests that after one or two cycles of selection, the performance level of each population has been improved and has maintained high genetic variation. In addition,the half-sib method is more effective than the mass selection method,and main target characters in each cycle of selection have progressed more significantly than the secondary ones.

Key words: Wheat, Recurrent selection