华北农学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (S1): 51-58. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20193366

所属专题: 生物技术

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·生物技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

全基因组选择技术在作物育种中的研究进展

刘海岚, 夏超, 兰海   

  1. 四川农业大学 玉米研究所,四川 成都 611130
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-20 出版日期:2022-12-28
  • 作者简介:

    刘海岚(1980-),男,重庆江津人,副教授,博士,主要从事数量遗传与生物信息学研究。

  • 基金资助:
    中国烟草总公司重大科技项目((110202101032(JY-09))

The Research Progress of Genomic Selection in Breeding of Crops

LIU Hailan, XIA Chao, LAN Hai   

  1. Maize Research Institute,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China
  • Received:2022-06-20 Published:2022-12-28

摘要:

传统的分子标记辅助育种技术只对含有大效应基因的性状有效,很难对受微效多基因控制的数量性状进行遗传改良。后来于2001年出现的全基因组选择技术利用高密度分子标记对个体的育种值进行估算,能获得很高的预测准确性,有效解决了微效多基因控制下的复杂性状改良的难题。该技术现已被美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、德国和法国等成功应用于奶牛、猪、羊、玉米、小麦等动植物数量性状的遗传改良,是对传统育种技术的重大革新,也是目前研究与应用的热点。综述了影响全基因组选择准确性的因素和该技术在国内外玉米、小麦、水稻和油菜育种研究中的进展,最后讨论了该技术在应用中存在的问题,以期为未来的作物全基因组选择育种提供参考。

关键词: 作物, 全基因组选择, 分子标记辅助育种, 数量性状

Abstract:

Being effective only to the traits controlled by large-effect QTL,conventional marker-assisted selection(MAS)can hardly improve the quantitative traits that are controlled by many small-effect QTL.Later on, the genomic selection (GS) technology proposed in 2001 solves the problem of improving complex traits controlled by the minor polygenic effects due to its high prediction accuracy through estimating the breeding value of individual with high-density molecular markers. At present,it has been successfully applied to the genetic improvement of quantitative traits in animals and plants such as dairy cattle,pigs,sheep,maize,and wheat in the US,Canada,Australia,Germany,France and so on.As a breaking-through breeding technology and a hot spot in research and application now. In this review,we summarized the factors affecting predictive accuracy of GS and the research progress of GS in breeding maize,wheat,rice and rapeseed at home and abroad,and finally discussed the existing problems in its application. This review will provide some reference for GS of the crops in the future.

Key words: Crop, Genomic selection, Marker-assisted selection, Quantitative trait

引用本文

刘海岚, 夏超, 兰海. 全基因组选择技术在作物育种中的研究进展[J]. 华北农学报, 2022, 37(S1): 51-58. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20193366.

LIU Hailan, XIA Chao, LAN Hai. The Research Progress of Genomic Selection in Breeding of Crops[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2022, 37(S1): 51-58. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20193366.

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