摘要：

为探究采用有机废硫酸低温炭化技术制备的新型生物炭基磺化复合肥的施用效果,以小顶八寸参为供试胡萝卜品种,盐化潮土为供试土壤,采用盆栽试验的方法,设置5种复合肥及其加炭复合肥配方处理,共11个处理,对比研究了5种炭基复合肥配方对胡萝卜产量及土壤养分含量的影响。结果表明:施肥显著促进了胡萝卜肉质根鲜质量增产,其中12-6-10硫基生物炭基复合肥处理的胡萝卜肉质根生物量鲜质量最高,鲜质量达到了313.85 g/株,10-5-20氯基复合肥处理的胡萝卜产量最低。与普通复合肥相比,5种生物炭基复合肥对胡萝卜肉质根鲜质量均有显著的增产效果,增产幅度为2.1%~11.3%,而且不同程度地提高了胡萝卜氮、磷、钾素养分累积量。另外,在减少氮、磷、钾养分施用量15%的情况下,施用炭基复合肥可维持全量常规复合肥的土壤速效氮、磷、钾供应水平,个别时期养分仍然有显著增加的情况。施用生物质磺化炭基肥可降低胡萝卜生长前期土壤pH值,各施肥处理对胡萝卜成熟期土壤pH值无显著性差异。与普通复合肥相比,施用生物质磺化炭基肥可降低胡萝卜生长前期土壤pH值,提高胡萝卜氮、磷、钾素养分累积量和土壤速效氮、磷、钾供应水平,有利于胡萝卜增产。

关键词: 胡萝卜, 磺化, 炭基复合肥, 产量, 土壤肥力

Abstract:

In order to explore the application effect of a new type of biochar-based compound fertilizer prepared by low temperature carbonization of waste organic sulfuric acid,a pot experiment was carried out with Xiaoding bacunshen as the test carrot variety and saline fluvo-aquic soil as the test soil. A total of 11 treatments were set up with 5 kinds of compound fertilizers and their carbon-based compound fertilizer formula treatments,and the effects of 5 kinds of biochar-based compound fertilizer formulas on carrot yield and soil nutrient content were studied. Results showed different fertilization significantly promoted the increase of fresh weight of carrot fleshy roots. Among them,carrots treated with 12-6-10 sulfur-based compound fertilizer with 15% carbon content had the highest fresh weight of fleshy root biomass,with a fresh weight of 313.85 g/plant,and the 10-5-20 chlorine-based fertilization treatment had the lowest yield of carrots. In contrast,10-5-20 chlorine based compound fertilizer had the lowest carrot yield. Compared with common compound fertilizers,those 5 kinds biochar-based compound fertilizers had significant effects on the increase of fresh weight of carrot fleshy root,with the range of increase of 2.1%-11.3%,and increased the accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in different degrees. In addition,the soil available N,P and K supply could be maintained by applying biochar-based compound fertilizer with 15% reduction of N,P and K nutrient application,and soil nutrients were still significantly increased in some periods. Application of biomass sulfonated carbon fertilizer could reduce the soil pH at the early stage of carrot growth,but there was no significant difference in soil pH at the mature stage of carrot. In conclusion,compared with common compound fertilizer,the application of biomass sulfonated carbon fertilizer could reduce the soil pH,increase the accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium of carrot and the soil available nitrogen,olsen phosphorus and available potassium supply,which was conducive to carrot yield increase.

Key words: Carrot, Sulfonated, Biochar-based compound fertilizer, Yield, Soil fertility