摘要： 为了评价不同生态条件下小麦新品种产量在基因型与环境互作中的丰产性、适应性和稳定性，于2018-2020年在河南省商丘市、洛阳市和新乡市3个地点参加河南省区域试验，以参试的8个小麦育成品种为材料，利用数理统计方法和GGE双标图分析了小麦新品种的丰产性、稳产性和适应性。方差分析表明，年份、地点、品种及其互作中除了年份×品种以外对小麦产量的影响均达极显著水平（P <0.01），其中年份和地点对小麦产量的贡献率较大，依次为38.63%，32.86%，而年份×品种对小麦产量的贡献率最小，仅为1.31%。2019-2020年小麦产量比2018-2019年降低了9.71%，商丘地点连续2 a平均产量最低，显著低于洛阳和新乡地点平均产量。2 a 3个区试地点8个小麦品种的平均产量为8 049.04 kg/hm²，泰禾896产量最高，百农207产量最低。在丰产性方面，泰禾896、农科大888、盛科188、禾麦53、智优33号、偃亳369和濮大1030是丰产性较好的品种；在稳产性方面，百农207、禾麦53、农科大888和智优33号是稳产性较好的品种；在适应性方面，农科大888、泰禾896和盛科188是适应性较好的品种。研究结果为小麦新品种的合理利用提供了科学依据，具有一定的参考价值。

关键词: 小麦, 生态条件, GGE双标图, 丰产性, 稳产性, 适应性

Abstract: To evaluate the high yield,stable yield and adaptability for analyzing the genotype and environment interaction of new wheat cultivars under different ecological conditions,and to analyze the variation rule of yield of new wheat cultivars could provide scientific reference for the selection and breeding of wheat varieties with high quality.Regional trial was participated at Shangqiu, Luoyang and Xinxiang City in 2018-2020, with eight winter wheat cultivars as material, which were planted in Henan Province,mathematical statistics and GGE biplot were used to analyze the high yield,stability and adaptability of the new wheat varieties.Variance analysis showed that years,locations,cultivars and their interactions,except for years×cultivars,had extremely significant effects on wheat yield(P <0.01),and the years and locations had a greater contribution rate to wheat yield,38.63% and 32.86% respectively,while contribution rates of locations×cultivars,cultivars and years×cultivars to wheat yield was the smallest, only 1.31%. The yield of winter wheat in 2019-2020 was decreased by 9.71% compared with that in 2018-2019, the Shangqiu location had the lowest average yield for two years, which was significantly lower than the average yield of Luoyang and Xinxiang locations. The average yield of eight wheat cultivars from three regional test sites across two years were 8 049.04 kg/ha, yield of Taihe 896 had the highest, while yield of Bainong 207 had the lowest. In terms of high yield,Taihe 896,Nongkeda 888,Shengke 188,Hemai 53,Zhiyou 33,Yanbo 369 and Puda 1030 were varieties with better yield.In terms of stability,Bainong 207,Hemai 53,Nongkeda 888 and Zhiyou 33 were varieties with better yield stability.In terms of adaptability,Nongkeda 888,Taihe 896 and Shengke 188 were varieties with better adaptability.The research results provide a scientific basis for the rational utilization of new wheat varieties and have certain reference value.

Key words: Wheat, Ecological conditions, GGE biplot, High yield, Stable yield, Adaptability

中图分类号: 

• S512.1