不同籽粒颜色藜麦品种的核型分析

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20191704

华北农学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (S1): 72-77. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20191704

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·生物技术 • 上一篇下一篇

不同籽粒颜色藜麦品种的核型分析

权有娟^1,2, 刘博^1,2, 袁飞敏³, 李想^1,2, 陈志国¹

1. 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所, 中国科学院高原生物适应与进化重点实验室, 青海省作物分子育种重点实验室, 青海西宁 810008;
2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
3. 西北农林科技大学, 陕西杨凌 712100

收稿日期:2020-09-01 出版日期:2020-12-28
通讯作者: 陈志国(1963-),男,吉林公主岭人,研究员,博士,主要从事小麦等作物遗传育种研究。
作者简介:权有娟(1994-),女,青海西宁人,在读硕士,主要从事植物遗传育种研究。
基金资助:
中国科学院种子创新研究院项目（INASEED）；海西州财政支持农业项目（HXNM001）；青海省种子工程项目（2019016）；青海省重点研发与转化计划项目（2020-NS-045）

Karyotype Analysis of C.quinoa Varieties with Different Seed Color

QUAN Youjuan^1,2, LIU Bo^1,2, YUAN Feimin³, LI Xiang^1,2, CHEN Zhiguo¹

1. Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateaubiota, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding in Qinghai Provinces, Xining 810008, China;
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
3. Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China

Received:2020-09-01 Published:2020-12-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了明确青海省主推藜麦品种的染色体数目和核型特征，以柴达木黑-1（简称黑藜麦）、柴达木白-1（简称白藜麦）及柴达木红-1（简称红藜麦）3种不同籽粒颜色的藜麦品种为材料，对其根尖采用普通压片法进行制片，经冰水混合物预处理、卡诺固定液固定、45%醋酸酸解、火焰干燥压片、镜检、DAPI染色、荧光显微镜拍照等步骤进行核型分析。结果表明：3种颜色的供试品种染色体数均为4n=36条，未发现非整倍体或多倍体现象。黑藜麦的核型公式为4n=36=32m（4AST）+4sm，染色体相对长度组成为4n=36=2L+18M2+12M1+4S；白藜麦的核型公式为4n=36=34m（4SAT）+2sm，染色体相对长度组成为4n=36=2L+20M2+14M1；红藜麦的核型公式为2n=36=34m（4SAT）+2sm，染色体相对长度组成为4n=36=6L+8M2+14M1+8S。3个品种的核型不对称系数分别是58.20%，58.22%，58.72%，核型均为2B类型，表明这些品种较为进化。3个品种均具有2对随体，但位置存在差异，可能与藜麦异源起源、自花授粉等因素有关。该研究可为藜麦杂交育种、倍性育种、种质资源鉴定和基因定位等研究提供细胞学基础。

关键词: 藜麦, 染色体, 核型, 籽粒颜色

Abstract: In order to determine the chromosome number and karyotype characteristics of the main Chenopodium varieties in Qinghai Province,three quinoa varieties with different seed colors Qaidam black-1(abbreviated as black quinoa),Qaidam white-1(abbreviated as white quinoa)and Qaidam red-1(abbreviated as red quinoa)were used as materials,and their root tips were sliced by using squashing method.Karyotype analysis was carried out through the steps of ice-water mixture pretreatment,Carnot fixed solution,45% acetic acid hydrolysis,flame drying and pressing,microscopic examination,DAPI staining,fluorescence microscope photography etc.The results showed that:The chromosome numbers of the three color varieties were all 4n=36,and no aneuploid or polyploid phenomenon was found.The karyotype formula and the relative length composition of chromosome of black quinoa were 4n=36=32m(4AST)+ 4sm,4n=36=2L+18M2+12M1+ 4S;the karyotype formula and the relative length of chromosome of white quinoa were 4n=36=34m(4SAT)+ 2sm,4n=36=2L+20M2+14M1;the karyotype formula and the relative length of chromosome of red quinoa were 4n=36=34m(4SAT)+2sm,4n=36=6L+8M2+14M1+8S.All varieties belong to 2B type and the asymmetry index were 58.20%,58.22% and 58.72%,respectively,indicating that these varieties were more evolved.All the three varieties have two pairs of satellite,but there were differences in loction,which may be related to the heterologous origin of quinoa,self-pollination and other factors.This study can provide cytological basis for cross breeding,ploidy breeding,germplasm resource identification and gene mapping of C.quinoa.

Key words: Chenopodium quinoa Willd., Chromosome, Karyotypic analysis, Seed color

中图分类号:

S512.03

权有娟, 刘博, 袁飞敏, 李想, 陈志国. 不同籽粒颜色藜麦品种的核型分析[J]. 华北农学报, 2020, 35(S1): 72-77. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20191704.

QUAN Youjuan, LIU Bo, YUAN Feimin, LI Xiang, CHEN Zhiguo. Karyotype Analysis of C.quinoa Varieties with Different Seed Color[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2020, 35(S1): 72-77. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20191704.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2020/V35/IS1/72

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