特色杂粮生物活性物质功能及对高血压的保健功效

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.201901961

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 高血压病是我国人群致死的主要原因之一，全球有超过十亿的高血压患者，且近年来高血压发病率呈明显上升趋势。尽管国内外学者在高血压病的病理及药物治疗等方面取得了一些进展，但长期服用降压药物不良反应明显。中医历来强调“药疗不如食疗”，本研究综述了几种特色杂粮生物活性物质功能及对高血压的保健功效，以期为广大患者饮食提供参考。

关键词: 杂粮, 高血压, 玉米, 苦荞, 燕麦, 薏苡仁, 芝麻

Abstract: Hypertension is one of the main causes of death in Chinese population.There are more than one billion patients with hypertension in the world, and the incidence of hypertension has increased significantly in recent years.Although scholars at home and abroad have made some progress in the pathology and drug treatment of hypertension, the adverse effects of long-term use of antihypertensive drugs are obvious. Traditional Chinese medicine has always stressed that "medical treatment is better than food therapy". This study summarizes the function of several characteristic bio active substances in grains and their health care effect on hypertension, in order to provide reference for the majority of patients' diet.

Key words: Grains, Hypertension, Maize, Buckwheat, Oats, Coix seed, Sesame

中图分类号:

TS218

刘宁, 张可一, 金保伟, 雷雅坤, 胡景辉, 李树仁, 孙丽敏. 特色杂粮生物活性物质功能及对高血压的保健功效[J]. 华北农学报, 2019, 34(S1): 404-411. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.201901961.

LIU Ning, ZHANG Keyi, JIN Baowei, LEI Yakun, HU Jinghui, LI Shuren, SUN Limin. The Function of Bioactive Substances in Special Grains and Its Health Care Effect on Hypertension[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2019, 34(S1): 404-411. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.201901961.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2019/V34/IS1/404

参考文献

[1] 颜君.中医食疗对高血压患者生存质量作用的研究[J].心血管病防治知识(学术版), 2014(3):31-32.
Yn J.Study on the effect of Chinese food therapy on the quality of life of patients with hypertension[J]. Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease(Academic Edition), 2014(3):31-32.
[2] 罗奇智, 黄华, 陈群, 李艳, 刘坚.高血压与血脂、同型半胱氨酸关系的研究[J]. 中国医药导报, 2011, 8(22):87-89.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-7210.2011.22.039.
Lo Q Z, Huang H, Chen Q, Li Y, Liu J. Relations research of high blood pressure, blood fat, homocysteine[J]. China Medical Herald, 2011, 8(22):87-89.
[3] 孟亚星, 张小玲, 严激. 原发性高血压伴血脂异常患者的动态血压特点[J]. 中国临床保健杂志, 2018, 21(3):323-327. doi:10.3969/J.issn.1672-6790.2018.03.010.
Mng Y X, Zhang X L, Yan J. The characteristics of ambulatory blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension and dyslipidemia[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinical Healthcare, 2018, 21(3):323-327.
[4] 瞿新, 邱方城, 严礼华, 刘久波. 高血压病患者血脂、血糖与血压关系的研究[J]. 微循环学杂志, 2006,16(3):43-44. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1005-1740.2006.03.016.
Q X, Qiu F C, Yan L H,Liu J B. Study of the relationship between blood lipids, blood sugar and blood pressure in cases with high blood pressure[J]. Chinese Journal of Microcirculation, 2006, 16(3):43-44.
[5] 朱秀灵, 戴清源, 木朝丽, 蔡为荣,郭玉宝,许祚文,张志祥,汪建飞. 安徽不同产地芝麻中木酚素和总酚含量及芝麻提取物抗氧化能力比较[J]. 农产品加工, 2018(15):38-43.doi:10.16693/j.cnki.1671-9646(X).2018.08.012.
Zu X L, Dai Q Y, Mu Z L, Cai W R, Guo Y B, Xu Z W, Zhang Z X, Wang J F. Comparative assessment of lignan and total phenolic contents in sesame seeds and antioxidant capacity of sesame extracts from different producing areas in Anhui Province[J]. Academic Periodical of Farm Products Processing, 2018(15):38-43.
[6] 李佳, 徐慧, 刘建军, 李博,高淑娟. 响应面法优化芝麻蛋白的提取工艺[J]. 中国酿造, 2016, 35(4):140-144.
L J, Xu H, Liu J J, Li B, Gao S J. Optimization of extraction process of sesame protein using response surface methodology[J]. China Brewing, 2016, 35(4):140-144.
[7] 张国治, 袁东振, 芦鑫, 张问夕, 黄纪念. 3种芝麻蛋白结构和性质比较研究[J]. 中国油脂, 2017, 42(7):55-58, 64.
Zang G Z, Yuan D Z, Lu X, Zhang W X, Huang J N. Comparison of structure and properties of three kinds of sesame proteins[J]. China Oils and Fats, 2017,42(7):55-58,64.
[8] 张俊秀, 杨解人, 李文星, 唐丽娟, 杨慧, 熊莺. 芝麻素对自发性高血压大鼠的降压作用及机制[J]. 皖南医学院学报, 2014, 33(2):102-107.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-0217.2014.02.003.
Zang J X, Yang J R, Li W X, Tang L J, Yang H, Xiong Y. Anti-hypertensive effect and mechanism of sesamin in spontaneously hypertensive rats[J]. Acta Academiae Medicinae Wannan, 2014, 33(2):102-107.
[9] 孔祥, 杨解人, 郭莉群, 周勇. 芝麻素对肾性高血压伴高血脂大鼠主动脉舒张功能的影响[J]. 中国临床药理学与治疗学, 2013, 18(4):366-370.
Kng X, Yang J R, Guo L Q, Zhou Y. Effects of sesamin on aortic relaxation in renal hypertensive-hyperlipidemia rats[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2013, 18(4):366-370.
[10] 安建博, 张瑞娟. 芝麻素对高脂血症大鼠脂代谢的作用[J]. 西安交通大学学报(医学版), 2010, 31(1):67-70.
A J B, Zhang R J. Effects of sesamin on lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemia rats[J]. Journal of Xian Jiaotong University(Medical Sciences),2010,31(1):67-70.
[11] 包塔娜, 周正质, 张帆, 彭树林,李伯刚. 苦荞麦麸皮的化学成分研究[J]. 天然产物研究与开发, 2003,15(2):116-117.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-6880.2003.02.007.
Bo T N,Zhou Z Z, Zhang F, Peng S L, Li B G. Chemical constituents of buckwheat hulls[J]. Natural Product Research and Development, 2003,15(2):116-117.
[12] 李雯, 党婷, 曹燕, 樊一桥. 苦荞麦水提物对2型糖尿病小鼠的降血糖作用[J]. 黑龙江农业科学, 2018(3):58-61.doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2018.03.0058.
L W, Dang T, Cao Y, Fan Y Q. Hypoglycemic effect of Fagopyrum tartaricum1 water extract on type 2 diabetic mice[J]. Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2018(3):58-61.
[13] 周凤超. 苦荞中降糖活性物质的筛选及其降糖机理研究[D]. 太原:山西大学, 2010.
Zou F C. Screening of hypoglycemic active substances in tartary buckwheat and its hypoglycemic mechanism[D].Taiyuan:Shanxi University, 2010.
[14] 左光明, 谭斌, 王金华, 秦礼康. 苦荞蛋白对高血脂症小鼠降血脂及抗氧化功能研究[J]. 食品科学, 2010, 31(7):247-250.
Zo G M,Tan B,Wang J H,Qin L K. Hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of tartary buckwheat proteins in hyperlipidemic mice[J]. Food Science, 2010, 31(7):247-250.
[15] 何俊芳. 苦荞麦对高脂血症大鼠的降脂作用及其机制[D]. 上海:复旦大学, 2014.
H J F. Effect and mechanism of tartary buckwheat on hyperlipidemia rats[D]. Shanghai:Fudan University, 2014.
[16] 郭刚军, 何美莹, 邹建云, 龚加顺. 苦荞黄酮的提取分离及抗氧化活性研究[J]. 食品科学, 2008, 29(12):373-376.doi:10.3321/j.issn:1002-6630.2008.12.083.
Go G J, He M Y, Zou J Y, Gong J S. Extraction, isolation and antioxidant activity of flavonoids from tartary buckwheat[J]. Food Science, 2008, 29(12):373-376.
[17] 曹艳萍. 苦荞叶提取物抗氧化性及其协同效应的研究[J]. 西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2005,33(8):144-148.doi:10.3321/j.issn:1671-9387.2005.08.031.
Co Y P. Study on antioxidation of extrations from tartary buckwheat leaves and its synergy[J]. Journal of Northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry(Natural Science Edition), 2005,33(8):144-148.
[18] 胡园园, 易若琨,王仲明,聂旭元,骞宇,赵欣. 苦荞中D-手性肌醇的纯化及其抗氧化活性研究[J]. 食品工业科技, 2017, 38(14):82-86.doi:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2017.14.016 Hu Y Y, Yi R K, Wang Z M, Nie X Y, Qian Y, ZHAO X. Study on purification and antioxidant activity of D-chiro-inositol from tartary buckwheat[J]. Food and Technology of Industry, 2017, 38(14):82-86.
[19] 张美俊, 杨武德, 王超, 路花,杨富,严威凯. 燕麦β-葡聚糖含量及其检测方法研究进展[J]. 山西农业科学, 2019, 47(4):690-694.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-2481.2019.04.46.
Zang M J, Yang W D, Wang C, Lu H, Yang F, Yan W K. Research progress on β-gulcan content from oat and its detection method[J]. Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences, 2019, 47(4):690-694.
[20] 付晓燕, 隋勇, 谢笔钧, 孙智达. 不同方法提取发芽燕麦酚类物质的含量、组成和抗氧化活性比较[J]. 食品工业科技, 2014, 35(15):54-57,62.doi:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2014.15.002.
F X Y, Sui Y, Xie B J, Sun Z D. Comparison of content, composition and antioxidant activity of germinated oat phenols by different extraction methods[J]. Food and Technology of Industry, 2014, 35(15):54-57,62.
[21] 许英一, 徐艳霞, 王宇. 不同方式提取的燕麦蛋白功能特性比较[J]. 食品与机械, 2018, 34(3):166-169.doi:10.13652/j.issn.1003-5788.2018.03.035.
X Y Y, Xu Y X, Wang Y. Comparison on functional properties of oat protein extracted from different ways[J]. Food & Machinery, 2018, 34(3):166-169.
[22] 王双慧, 沈南辉, 何勇, 李至宏, 朱京燕, 张辉, 郑杰. 燕麦β-葡聚糖对高胆固醇小鼠血脂和游离脂肪酸的影响研究[J]. 食品工业科技, 2014, 35(2):324-327.
Wng S H, Shen N H, He Y, Li Z H, Zhu J Y, Zhang H, Zheng J. Effect of oats β-glucan on plasma lipid and FFA in highcholesterol mice[J]. Food and Technology of Industry, 2014, 35(2):324-327.
[23] 方海滨, 亢春雨, 郭梦冉, 田洪涛,王颉,檀建新. 薏米燕麦膨化食品对高血糖血脂大鼠模型的降糖降脂作用研究[J]. 河北农业大学学报, 2018, 41(6):87-91.
Fng H B, Kang C Y, Guo M R, Tian H T, Wang J, Tan J X. Decreasing effects of puffed food of adlay seed and oat on the blood glucose and blood lipids of hyperglycemic and hyperlipidemic SD rat model[J]. Journal of Hebei Agricultural University, 2018, 41(6):87-91.
[24] 郭丽娜, 佟立涛, 钟葵, 周素梅. 不同燕麦品种对大鼠胆固醇代谢的影响[J]. 中国粮油学报, 2014, 29(4):32-35, 45.
Go L N, Tong L T, Zhong K, Zhou S M. Effects of oat varieties on cholesterol metabolism of hypercholesteraemia rats[J]. Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association, 2014, 29(4):32-35, 45.
[25] 毛瑞雪, 蔡夏夏, 顾娇娇, 马小陶, 徐美虹, 张召锋, 王军波, 李勇. 裸燕麦对2型糖尿病合并高血压患者血压的影响研究[J]. 中国全科医学, 2016, 19(5):574-577.
Mo R X, Cai X X, Gu J J, Ma X T, Xu M H, Zhang S F, Wang J B, Li Y. Effect of naked oat on blood pressure of patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus associated with hypertension[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2016, 19(5):574-577.
[26] 李欢欢, 肖志刚. 薏米营养及活性成分研究现状[J]. 农产品加工, 2018(10):54-56.doi:10.16693/j.cnki.1671-9646(X).2018.10.045.
L H H, Xiao Z G. Study on the status of nutrition and active ingredients of coix[J].Farm Products Processing, 2018(10):54-56.
[27] 邓素芳, 应朝阳, 杨有泉, 林忠宁,陈敏.薏苡功能性成分研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2017, 33(12):123-128.doi:10.16693/j.cnki.1671-9646(X).2016.09.046.
Dng S F, Ying Z Y, Yang Y Q, Lin Z N, Chen M. Research progress of functional ingredients on adlay[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2017, 33(12):123-128.
[28] 刘想, 刘振春, 杨桦,邹基豪,郑丽,崔晶蕾,赵姝,张星. 薏苡仁的药食价值及开发利用[J]. 农产品加工, 2016(18):57-58,61. doi:10.16693/j.cnki.1671-9646(X).2016.09.046.
Lu X,Liu Z C,Yang H,Zou J H,Zheng L,Cui J L,Zhao S,Zhang X. Medicinal and food value and the development and utilize of coix seed[J]. Farm Products Processing, 2016(18):57-58,61.
[29] 赵冉, 张磊, 李斌. 放射治疗联合康莱特治疗中老年鼻咽癌患者的疗效观察[J]. 医药论坛杂志, 2016,37(6):7-9.
Zao R, Zhang L, Li B. Efficacy of radiation therapy combined with KLT therapy in order patient with nasopharyngeal carcinoma[J].Journal Medical Forum, 2016,37(6):7-9.
[31] 徐梓辉, 周世文, 黄林清.薏苡仁多糖对四氧嘧啶致大鼠胰岛β细胞损伤的保护作用[J]. 中国药理学通报, 2000,16(6):639-642. doi:10.3321/j.issn:1001-1978.2000.06.011 Xu Z H, Zhou S W, Huang L Q. The protective effect of coix seed polysaccharide on the damage of rat islet β cells induced by alloxan[J]. Chinese Pharmacological Bulletin, 2000,16(6):639-642.
[32] 徐梓辉, 周世文, 陈卫, 徐静,钱桂生, 汤建林, 黄永平, 陈维中, 徐颖, 应懿, 王璐.薏苡仁多糖对2型糖尿病大鼠主动脉内皮素1基因表达的影响[J]. 中国动脉硬化杂志, 2006,14(3):194-196. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-3949.2006.03.003.
X Z H, Zhou S W, Chen W, Xu J, Qian G S, Tang J L, Huang Y P, Chen W Z, Xu Y, Ying Y, Wang L. Effect of coixan on expression of endothelium-1 mrna of arota in experimental type 2 diabetic rats[J]. Chinese Journal of Arteriosclerosis, 2006,14(3):194-196.
[33] Yeh P H, Chiang W, Chiang M T. Effects of dehulled adlay on plasma glucose and lipid concentrations in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats fed a diet enriched in cholesterol[J]. Int J Vitam Nutr Res, 2006, 76(5):299-305. doi:10.1024/0300-9831.76.5.299.
[34] Park Y, Suzuki H, Lee Y S, Hayakawa S, Wada S. Effect of coix on plasma, liver, and fecal lipid components in the rat fed on lard-or soybeanoil-cholesterol diet[J]. Biolchem Med Metab Biol, 1988, 39(1):11-17.doi:10.1016/0885-4505(88)90052-7.
[35] 杨小倩, 郅慧, 张辉, 孙佳明. 玉米不同部位化学成分、药理作用、利用现状研究进展[J]. 吉林中医药, 2019, 39(6):837-840.doi:10.13463/j.cnki.jlzyy.2019.06.038.
Yng X Q, Zhi H, Zhang H, Sun J M. Research Progress on chemical constituents, pharmacological activity and utilization status of different parts of corn[J]. Jilin Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2019, 39(6):837-840.
[36] 张钟, 王德生. 玉米膳食纤维对实验性高脂血症小鼠降脂作用的影响[J]. 中国粮油学报, 2005(5):124-127.doi:10.3321/j.issn:1003-0174.2005.05.028.
Zang Z, Wang D S. Corn dietary fibre effective on depressing blood lipid for experimental hyperlipaemia mice[J]. Journal of The Chinese Cereals and Oils Association, 2005(5):124-127.
[37] 温宪春, 周丽, 赵健飞, 刘吉成. 玉米须水提物对2型糖尿病大鼠胰高血糖素的影响[J]. 医学研究杂志, 2010, 39(4):52-54,128.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-548X.2010.04.018.
Wn X C, Zhou L, Zhao J F, Liu J C. Effect of Stigma maydis aqueous extract on glucagon in type 2 diabetic rats[J]. Journal of Medical Research, 2010, 39(4):52-54,128.
[38] 董艳, 巩丽娟, 卢军利, 陈沛林. 玉米须治疗初诊高血压病的临床观察[J]. 中西医结合心脑血管病杂志, 2009, 7(6):643. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-1349.2009.06.008.
Dng Y, Gong L J, Lu J L, Chen P L. Clinical observation on the treatment of primary hypertension with corn whisker[J]. Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine on Cardio/Cerebrovascular Disease, 2009, 7(6):643.
[39] 温宪春, 周丽, 李晓明, 李成冲刘吉成. 玉米须水提物对2型糖尿病大鼠糖-脂代谢及氧化应激的影响[J]. 中国中医药信息杂志, 2010, 17(5):24-26.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1005-5304.2010.05.010.
Wn X C, Zhou L, Li X M, Li C C, Liu J C. Effect of stigma maydis aqueous extract on glucolipid metabolism and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetic rats[J]. Chinese Journal of Information on traditional Chinese medicine, 2010, 17(5):24-26.
[40] 张蕾, 张伟, 姜曼. 玉米苞叶黄酮微波提取技术及其抗氧化性质研究[J]. 食品研究与开发, 2015, 36(12):12-15.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1005-6521.2015.12.004.
Zang L, Zhang W, Jiang M. Study on Micro-assisted extracting and antioxidant activity of flavonoids from the Corn-bract[J]. Food Research and Development, 2015, 36(12):12-15.
[41] 徐彬, 连帅, 袁建彬, 李文杰,王立鹏,臧树成,郎立敏,陈妍,李鑫月,杨焕民. 新鲜玉米须多糖提取工艺及体外抗菌、抗氧化活性研究[J]. 饲料研究, 2018(5):48-53. doi:10.13557/j.cnki.issn1002-2813.2018.05.011.
X B, Lian S, Yuan J B, Li W J, Wang L P, Zang S C, Lang L M, Chen Y, Li X Y, Yang H M. Study on the extraction technology of fresh corn silk polysaccharide and its antibacterial and antioxidant activity[J]. Feed Research, 2018(5):48-53.

选择文件类型/文献管理软件名称

选择包含的内容