摘要： 为探讨我国部分地方种群绵羊的起源进化及遗传多样性。对河北小尾寒羊、山东小尾寒羊、苏尼特羊、洼地绵羊、湖羊等5个地方绵羊种群mtDNA D-loop区全序列进行了测序和遗传变异分析，并利用生物信息学方法分析了种群间的亲缘关系以及母系起源。结果表明，5个绵羊种群mtDNA D-loop区序列共发现了135个多态位点，形成了108种单倍型。单倍型多样度为0.974 0~0.998 0；核苷酸多样度为0.017 20~0.022 22；全群平均核苷酸差异数K为20.795。NJ系统发育树表明，河北小尾寒羊与洼地绵羊先聚在一起，再与湖羊聚在一起，最后与苏尼特羊和山东小尾寒羊聚在一起。在所有的系统发育树及单倍型网络结构图中，均表明108种单倍型聚为3个单倍型群，单倍型群A包括70只绵羊个体，单倍型群B包括48只绵羊，单倍型群C包括13只绵羊。河北小尾寒羊与洼地绵羊遗传距离最近，其次为湖羊、苏尼特羊、山东小尾寒羊。该种群遗传多样性丰富，与山东小尾寒羊、苏尼特羊、湖羊、洼地绵羊等种群存在基因交流。

关键词: 地方绵羊, 线粒体基因组, 起源, 遗传多样性

Abstract: To investigate the origin,evolution and genetic diversity of China portion domestic sheep,complete D-loop sequences of 5 local sheep population about Hebei Small-tailed Han Sheep,Shandong Small-tailed Han Sheep,Sunit Sheep,Wadi Sheep,Hu Sheep,were sequenced,and analyzed genetic relationship of different varieties and maternal origins through bioinformatics method.The results showed that there were 135 polymorphic sites and 108 haplotypes were defined in D-loop from 5 local breed.The nucleotides diversity ranges from 0.017 20 to 0.022 22,and the haplotypes diversity ranges from 0.974 0 to 0.998 0.The average nucleotide difference was 20.795.The phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the Hebei Small-tailed Han Sheep and Wadi Sheep were clustered together first,then they clustered with Hu Sheep,Last,they clustered with Shandong Small-tailed Han Sheep and Sunit Sheep. All of the phylogenetic tree and haplotypes network indicated that three haplotype groups clustered by 108 haplotype.Haplotype groups A included 70 individuals,B included 48 individuals and C included 13 individuals. Above results showed that the genetic distance between Hebei Small-tailed Han Sheep and Wadi Sheep was closest,followed by Hu Sheep,Sunit Sheep and Shandong Small-tailed Han Sheep.The genetic diversity in five sheep populations was abundant,and gene exchange was found in different populations.

Key words: Local sheep, Mitochondrial genome, Origin, Genetic diversity

中图分类号: 

• S826.03