摘要： 为了研究玉米中绒毡层发育调控基因Udt1的功能与作用，进行生物信息学分析，通过利用Udt1基因培育雄性不育的玉米新品种，来提高杂交种纯度和种质质量并缩短育种年限。该试验采用已知的水稻OsUdt1基因（AY953870.1）为参考序列，使用同源克隆的方式在玉米基因组中得到同源性最高的基因BT068494.1（GenBank），并利用生物信息学方法预测该基因的各级结构以及生物学功能等，同时使用MEGA 7.0程序软件构建分子系统进化树。ZmUdt1基因位于玉米的第2条染色体上，ZmUdt1蛋白由219个氨基酸构成，蛋白的相对分子量为24.48 ku，等电点为5.35，属于亲水蛋白；主要由α-螺旋与无规则卷曲构成二级结构，其三级结构与水稻OsUdt1蛋白的三级结构基本一致，属于HLH超级家族，没有信号肽以及跨膜结构；亚细胞定位预测该蛋白位于细胞核中的可能性较大；通过预测，该蛋白具有翻译、复制与转录、转录调控信号转导等功能，具有17个磷酸化修饰位点，而是否具有其他功能尚没有确定。系统进化树表明，玉米与水稻、高粱等物种遗传距离最近，且与拟南芥的DYT1蛋白也有一定的遗传相关性。通过预测和比较，ZmUdt1和OsUdt1蛋白在结构和功能上具有极高的相似性。研究结果可为进一步研究ZmUdt1蛋白的功能与作用，以及创新玉米的雄性不育系提供理论依据。

关键词: ZmUdt1基因, 玉米, 生物信息学分析

Abstract: In order to study the function and action of the tapetum developmental regulatory gene Udt1 in maize, bioinformatics analysis was carried out in this experiment.By using Udt1 gene to cultivate new male sterile maize varieties,to improve the purity of hybrids and the quality of germplasm and shorten the breeding years.The study used the known rice OsUdt1 gene (AY953870.1) as the reference sequence,using homologous cloning,the highest homology gene BT068494.1(GenBank) was obtained in maize genome,and bioinformatics was used to predict the structure and biological function of the gene.At the same time,the molecular phylogenetic tree was constructed by using MEGA 7.0 software.The ZmUdt1 gene was located on second chromosomes of maize,ZmUdt1 protein was composed of 219 amino acids.The relative molecular weight of the protein was 24.48 ku and the isoelectric point was 5.35,belonging to hydrophilic protein.It was mainly composed of alpha helix and regular coil,forming two structures.The three stage structure was basically consistent with the three stage structure of OsUdt1 protein in rice,belong to the HLH super family.There were no signal peptides and transmembrane structures; Subcellular localization predicts that the protein had more likely to be located in the nucleus.It was predicted that the protein had functions of translation,replication and transcription,transcriptional regulation and signal transduction,and it had 17 phosphorylation sites,whether it had any other function had not been determined.Phylogenetic tree showed that the genetic distance between maize and rice,sorghum and other species was the closest,and also had a certain genetic correlation with Arabidopsis thaliana DYT1 protein.By comparison and prediction,the structure and function of ZmUdt1 and OsUdt1 proteins were highly similar.This experiment provides a theoretical basis for further research on the function and function of ZmUdt1 protein and the innovation of male sterile lines of maize.

Key words: ZmUdt1 gene, Maize, Bioinformatics analysis

中图分类号: 

• Q78

• S513.03