摘要： 为明确花生生长过程中是否存在生长冗余,探讨花生高产的适宜生长度,以高产花生品种青花7号为试材,设长×宽×深分别为40cm×20cm×20cm、40cm×20cm×40cm、40cm×20cm×60cm、40cm×20cm×80cm4种规格不等的根土空间,采用网袋法,研究了根系生长空间对花生生长发育和产量的影响。结果表明,随着根土空间增大,株高逐渐增高,分枝数逐渐增多,根系干质量和茎叶干质量逐渐增大,其生育进程的推进差异越来越大。根土空间过小显著影响各时间段花生开花数、下针和结果;根土空间过大则中前期开花数、下针和结果少,中后期开花数、下针和结果多;适当的根土空间(如限根深度60 cm)则中前期开花数、下针和结果多,中后期开花数、下针少。说明根土空间过小影响产量提高的主要原因是生长量不足,而根土空间过大影响产量提高的主要原因是冗余生长。适当空间则既能保证足够的生长量,产生的冗余生长又少,从而提高荚果产量和籽仁产量,为花生高产新品种的选育和栽培提供理论依据。

关键词: 花生, 根土空间, 生长发育, 产量, 冗余生长

Abstract: In order to determine the existence of growth redundancy in peanut growth process,explore the optimum length of high yield of peanut.With high-yield peanut varieties-Qinghua 7 as the material,set 4 kinds of size space,length× width×deep was 40 cm×20 cm×20 cm,40 cm×20 cm×40 cm,40 cm×20 cm×60 cm,40 cm×20 cm×80 cm,respectively.Using the method of mesh bag,studied the root growth space effect on growth and yield of peanut.The result showed that with the increase of soil root-growing space,the plant height,branching number and the dry weight of the roots and leaves increased gradually,the difference was more significant with the advancement of growth process.The smaller soil root-growing space significantly influenced flowers,needles and pods of peanut in each period;the larger soil root-growing space reduced the number of flowers,needles and pods in the early-middle period,and increased the numbers in the middle-late period;the moderate soil root-growing space (limiting the depth of root 60 cm) had an opposite tendency to the larger soil root-growing space.The smaller soil root-growing space leaded to the lack of growth,and the larger soil root-growing space leaded to the redundancy growth,which hindered the production.Moderate soil root-growing space was a guarantee of enough growth,less redundant growth,and improved the pod yield and seed yield.That's provided atheoretical basis for breeding and cultivation of high-yielding.

Key words: Peanut, Soil root-growing space, Growth and development, Yield, Redundancy growth

中图分类号: 

• S565.01