玉米高产品种光合特性及抗氧化系统对水分胁迫的响应

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.2015.06.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究玉米高产品种在水分胁迫下的生理响应机制,以2个玉米高产品种,伊单52和满世通526为材料,采用盆栽控水试验,研究水分胁迫对玉米高产品种生物量、光合特性及抗氧化系统的影响.结果显示,水分胁迫抑制了玉米的生长,降低了净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Cond)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)、叶绿素含量(SPAD)、PS Ⅱ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm),PS Ⅱ的实际量子产量(Φ_{PS Ⅱ})和电子传递速率(ETR),增加了过氧化氢(H₂O₂)和丙二醛(MDA)含量,提高了超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)及过氧化物酶(POD)活性升高. 两玉米品种相比,水分胁迫8 d,满世通526生物量积累较多,Pn较高,H₂O₂和MDA含量较少,抗氧化酶(SOD、CAT、APX)活性较高.相关性分析表明,水分胁迫下叶片光合能力降低是2个玉米品种生物量减少的主要因素.但满世通526变化幅度小于伊单52,表明满世通526植株光合能力比伊单52受水分胁迫的影响小.进一步研究表明,较高的光化学效率、较强的抗氧化能力和较轻的氧化伤害是满世通526适应干旱环境的重要生理特性.

关键词: 玉米, 水分胁迫, 光合特性, 抗氧化系统

Abstract: To explore the physiological mechanism of high-yield maize varieties under water stress.The responses of biomass,photosynthetic characteristic and antioxygenation system were studied in two high yield maize hybrids,YD52 and MST526 under drought stresses in a pot experiment.The results showed that drought stress inhibited the growth of maize,lowered the leaf net photosynthetic rate (Pn),stomatal conductance (Cond),transpiration rate (Tr),intercellular CO₂ concentration (Ci),SPAD,Maximum PSⅡ quantum yield (Fv/Fm),PSⅡ actual quantum yield (Φ_PSⅡ) and electron transport rate (ETR);increased the levels of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and malondialdehyde (MDA);enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD),catalase(CAT),ascorbate peroxidase(APX)and peroxidase (POD).Compared the two varieties,MST526 showed higher biomass accumulation and values of maximum leaf net photosynthetic rate (Pn);and lower content of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and malondialdehyde (MDA);and higher autioxidant enzyme activities (SOD,CAT and APX).Correlation analysis showed that water stress could significantly decrease the biomass of two maize hybrids,possibly caused by reduction in the photosynthetic capacity of plants.The water stress damaging effects on plant photosynthesis were minimal on the MST526 compared to YD52.Under drought stress the MST526 maintained higher photochemical efficiency,stronger antioxidant capacity and lighter oxidative damage that might be the major physiological traits in the adaptive capacity to drought conditions.

Key words: Maize, Water stress, Photosynthetic characteristic, Antioxidant system

中图分类号:

S513.01

王玉芬, 李娟, 路战远, 杜永春, 张德健. 玉米高产品种光合特性及抗氧化系统对水分胁迫的响应[J]. 华北农学报, 2015, 30(6): 97-104. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2015.06.015.

WANG Yu-fen, LI Juan, LU Zhan-yuan, DU Yong-chun, ZHANG De-jian. Responses of Water Stress on Photosynthetic Trait and Antioxygenation System in Two High-yield Maize Cultivars[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2015, 30(6): 97-104. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2015.06.015.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2015/V30/I6/97

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