摘要： 通过对甘薯软腐病菌侵染甘薯的发病特征进行研究,首次建立了一种甘薯软腐病抗性鉴定的方法:每个品种取3 块中等大小的薯块,经严格消毒晾干后,切薯块中部薯片,每薯块切3 个薯片,每薯片厚度约为8 mm,置于放有灭菌湿润滤纸保湿的灭菌培养皿中,接种1 块6 mm的甘薯软腐病菌菌碟于薯片中央,将接种好的薯片置于26 ℃生化培养箱中培养,期间加无菌水保湿1次。21 h后将鉴定材料取出,量取薯片发病直径,根据病斑直径进行分级,计算病情指数,进行抗感评价。该方法的建立为抗病品种的选育提供了理论依据。利用该方法对44 份品种资源进行抗性评价,结果显示,鲁薯4号和广紫8号对甘薯软腐病的抗性级别为中抗;湛薯271、泰中11、渝紫1号、赣薯1号和PZJ商27E₂-2对甘薯软腐病的抗性级别为感病;其余品种对甘薯软腐病的抗性级别均为高感。

关键词: 甘薯软腐病, 种质资源, 抗性鉴定方法

Abstract: According to the incidence of sweet potato infected by Rhizopus nigricans Ehvb.,we established an identification method of sweet potato soft rot resistance for the first time:3 sweet potatos of median size were taken each variety,after strictly disinfected by 75% alcohol and dried,3 potato chips were cut in the middle every sample,each chip's thickness was about 8 mm,then put each chip into a sterilization moist petri dish,with Rhizopus nigricans Ehvb.inoculated on the center of potato chips,then put these petri dishes into a biochemical incubator which temperature was 26 ℃,added sterile water to keep moist.21 hours after the identification of material was cultured,the scab diameter was measured,disease incidence was calculated according to the average scab diameter of grading,and then identity the anti-sense characteristics of varieties.The establishment of this method provide a theoretical basis for the breeding of sweet potato.The resistances of 44 varieties of resources to sweet potato soft rot were identified and evaluated,The results indicated that Lushu 4 and Guangzi 8 showed middle resistance to sweet potato soft rot;Zhanshu 271,Taizhong 11,Yuzi 1,Ganshu 1 and PZJShang 27E₂-2 showed sensitive to sweet potato soft rot,all the other sweet potato varieties were high-sensitive to sweetpotato soft rot.

Key words: Sweet potato soft rot, Variety resources, Identification method of resistance

中图分类号: 

• S531.03