摘要： 以单施氮磷肥为对照,研究了盆栽条件下,秸秆灰全部或部分代替化学钾肥及与生物菌肥配施对小麦产量及养分吸收与分配的影响。结果表明,施用化学钾肥与秸秆灰处理均显著提高了盆栽小麦的籽粒产量,其中以全量秸秆灰配施生物菌肥(A₁M)与半量秸秆灰配施生物菌肥(K₂A₂M)处理增产效果尤为显著,与对照(CK₁)相比,增幅分别为66.2%和70.9%;A₁M处理对提高小麦籽粒中氮、磷、钾含量与氮、磷、钾素积累量效果显著,而K₂A₂M处理对提高根须中的氮、磷含量与积累量有明显作用;除CK₁外,氮、磷、钾素的养分利用效率分别以全量秸秆灰(A₁)、化学钾肥(K₁)和半量秸秆灰配施生物菌肥(K₂A₂M)处理最高,养分收获指数均以A₁M处理最大。

关键词: 秸秆灰, 生物菌肥, 小麦, 产量, 养分吸收与分配

Abstract: Taking the single application of nitrogen and phosphate as control,pot experiment was conduced in order to investigate the effects of straw ash instead or partly instead of potassium carbonate and combined application with bacterial manure on nutrient absorption and distribution as well as yield on wheat. The results showed that the yield of grain all increased significantly by the application of potassium carbonate or straw ash. Compared to control1,the optimal yield was observed under the treatment A₁M and K₂A₂M,with the increment by 66.2% and 70.9%.The highest content and accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorous and potassium in grain were obtained under the treatment A₁M,while the highest content and accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorous and potassium in other part of wheat were obtained under treatment K₂A₂M. With the exception of control 1,the highest nutrient use efficiency of nitrogen,phosphorous and potassium were observed under the treatment A₁,K₁, and K₂A₂M respectively,while the maximum nutrient harvest index were all obtained under the treatment A₁M.

Key words: Straw ash, Bacterial manure, Wheat, Yield, Nutrient absorption and distribution

中图分类号: 

• S147.2

• S158.3