摘要： 利用29对多态性较好的微卫星引物对哲罗鱼保种群体332个个体(由4个子代群体组成)进行遗传多样性的分析。结果表明:29对引物扩增的等位基因数为2~13,平均有效等位基因数为3.9613,平均观测杂合度Ho和平均期望杂合度He分别为0.642和0.6751,平均多态信息含量PIC为0.633。4个子代群体的遗传多样性趋势为B7(F1♀×野生♂3×3)略高于B10(F1♀×F1♂3×3),B10(F1♀×F1♂3×3)略高于B6(野生♀×野生♂3×3),B9(F1♀×F1♂1×1)最低。4个群体间的遗传距离趋势为:除F1♀×F1♂1×1群体外,野生♀×野生♂3×3群体与F1♀×F1♂3×3群体之间的遗传距离最远,F1♀×野生♂3×3群体与F1♀×F1♂3×3群体之间遗传距离最近。基于个体间遗传距离构建的聚类树结果表明,自繁群体B6(野生♀×野生♂3×3)、B9(F1♀×F1♂1×1)、B10(F1♀×F1♂3×3)各自聚在一起,杂交群体B7(F1♀×野生♂3×3)则分为2支。本研究讨论了种群数量较少的珍稀动物保持后代遗传多样性丰富的可能性。

关键词: 哲罗鱼, 遗传多样性, 微卫星, 保种

Abstract: The genetic diversity of the taimen conservation population(Contained 4 groups) with 29 polymorphic microsatellite loci. The study showed that in the 332 sampled individuals,2一13 alleles were detected in each locus,the average effective allele number was 3. 961 3,the average observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity were 0. 642 and 0. 675 1 respectively, the average PIC was 0. 633.The genetic diversity of the 4 groups was B7(F1♀× wild ♂3×3) exceed B10(F1♀×F1♂3×3),B10(F1♀×F1♂3×3) exceed B6(wild♀×wild♂3×3),B9(F1♀×F1♂1×1)was the lowest. Except the group F1♀×F1♂1×1,the genetic distance between B6(wild♀×wild♂3×3)、B9(F1♀×F1♂1×1)、 was the farthest between B7(F1♀×wild♂3×3) and B10(F1♀×F1♂3×3))with the nearest distance. The clustering result based on the genetic distance showed that B6(wild♀×wild♂3×3),B9(F1♀×F1♂1×1),B10(F1♀×F1♂3×3)clustered as one Glade respectively,the cross breeding groups B7(F1♀×wild♂3×3)was divided into two Glades. This research also discussed the possibility that the endangered animals to maintain the rich diversity in offsprings.

Key words: Taimen, Genetic diversity, Microsatellite, Reservation

中图分类号: 

• Q78