摘要： 光能利用效率(RUE)的提高是增加玉米产量非常重要的因素。夏玉米不同种植模式对产量和RUE均有一定的影响,为了探讨不同种植模式如何通过改善RUE进而提高玉米产量,试验研究了不同行距种植对玉米产量及光能利用率的影响。试验于2012年在中科院栾城试验站进行,选用该区域普遍使用的先玉335和郑单958 2个品种,设20 cm+100 cm,40 cm+40 cm,60 cm+60 cm,40 cm+80 cm 4个行距水平,除了40 cm+40 cm密度为6.2×10⁴株/hm²,其他密度均为7.5×1010⁴株/hm²。结果表明:郑单958的叶面积系数在60 cm+60 cm处理下比其他3个处理高5%～20%,先玉335高5%～17%;整个生育期内两品种60 cm+60 cm行距处理RUE高于其他处理10%～30%;在整个生育期内先玉335 60 cm+60 cm行距处理总干物质量比其他3个种植模式高15%～22%,郑单958高17%～25%;两品种60 cm+60 cm的行距处理玉米收获指数、干物质量的转移率也显著高于其他处理,从而利于提高产量。分析表明,太阳辐射和积温是影响夏玉米产量的主要气象因素,而夏玉米光能利用率明显受到积温的影响。

关键词: 玉米, 行距, 光能利用率, 产量

Abstract: The radiation-use efficiency ( RUE) increased is very important factor increases maize yield. Differ-ent planting patterns must effect yield and RUE of summer maize. In order to explore how to improve the RUE and increase the yield of maize,the test of different plant spacing on the yield and RUE of corn is studied. Experiments is in the Chinese Academy of Sciences Luancheng test station in 2012,and Xianyu 335 and Zhengdan 958 of two varieties are used that is in common in this area. Experiments are set 20 cm+100 cm,40 cm+40 cm,60 cm+60 cm,40 cm+80 cm of 4 row levels,in addition to density of the 40 cm+40 cm for 6.2 ×10⁴ plants/ha,other density for 7.5 ×10⁴ plants/hm². The results show that:leaf area index in the 60 cm+60 cm treatment of Zhengdan 958 is higher 5%-20% than in the other three treatments, Xianyu 335 higher 5%-17%;In the whole growth period RUE in the 60 cm+60 cm treatment of two varieties were higher than other treatments ranged from 10%to 30%;The total dry matter in the 60 cm+60 cm treatment of Xianyu335 is higher 10%-30% than in the other three treatments,Zhengdan958 higher 17%-25%;Harvest index and dry matter mass transfer rate of 60 cm+60 cm treatment of two varieties were also significantly higher than other treatments, thus improving the yield. Analysis shows that the solar radiation and temperature are main meteorological factors effect yield of summer maize,and ra-diation-use efficiency is affected by the temperature effect.

Key words: Maize, Row spacing, RUE, Grain yield

中图分类号: 

• S513