摘要： 为了揭示主要农艺措施即种植密度、N、P、K肥施用量对苏薯14号鲜薯产量和干物质积累的影响。采用四元二次正交回归旋转组合设计,在大田条件下研究了甘薯不同肥密条件与鲜薯产量和干物质含量的关系。试验结果表明,合理的增施钾肥并与N、P肥配比施用可显著提高甘薯鲜薯产量与干物质含量。各项农艺措施对鲜薯产量和干物质含量的影响顺序均依次为:施钾量>施磷量>栽插密度>施氮量。在本试验地条件下,经模拟寻优分析,初步筛选出该品种产量按鲜薯产量大于3.75×104kg/hm²、干物质含量大于25%的优化农艺措施区间为:栽插密度5.40×104株/hm²,纯氮129.06～142.26 kg/hm²,P2O536.21～65.82 kg/hm²,K2O 245.88～289.89 kg/hm²。因此,在合理栽插密度的条件下,保证钾肥的合理供应是获得较高甘薯鲜薯产量与干物质含量的先决条件,在此基础上根据产量和品质要求调节氮肥与钾肥的施用比例。

关键词: 甘薯, 施肥水平, 种植密度, 鲜薯产量, 干物质含量

Abstract: In order to promulgate the influence of different amount of N,P,K and planting density on fresh roots yield and dry matter content of the Sushu14 and identify the relationship between the fertilizer and density application levels with fresh roots yield and dry matter content,the experiments were carried out with Sushu 14,with the design for canonical analysis.The results showed that the dry matter content and fresh roots yield could be augmented significantly if K and N,P were applied at optimum rates,the application of adequate potassium increased the dry matter content and fresh roots yield in sweet potato.The effect of each factor on dry matter content and fresh roots yield was K fertilizerP fertilizerplanting densityN fertilizer.And under the experimental condition,the main agronomic measures for yield more than 3.75×104 kg/ha and dry matter content more than 25% include 5.40×104 plants/ha,N:129.06-142.26 kg/ha,P2O5:36.21-65.82 kg/ha,K2O:245.88-289.89 kg/ha.Therefore,the effects of K fertilizer were stronger than that of N and P fertilizer on dry matter content and fresh roots yield,it was reversed for the effects of the two fertilizers on application.The applied proportion of N fertilizer and P fertilizer could be adjusted as needed for increased yield and dry matter content on sweetpotato.

Key words: Sweetpotato, Fertilizer application level, Transplanting density, Fresh roots yield, Dry matter content

中图分类号: 

• S531