摘要： 利用河北省冬麦区1965-2007年48个气象站,冬小麦生育期内逐年降水量、气温、相对湿度、日照时数、风速资料,估算了全生育期、生长前期、中期、后期的水分亏缺量,分析了水分亏缺量的空间分布特征、时序变化趋势以及水分亏缺量变化的原因。结果表明,全生育期水分亏缺量最大的区域位于河北省东南部地区,水分亏缺量变率较小;各生育期以中期水分亏缺最为严重,且变率较小,生长前期和后期水分亏缺量较小,但变率较大。各生育期水分亏缺量均呈减少趋势,其变化趋势由需水量的变化趋势所引起。全生育期和生长前期需水量减小的主要原因是日照时数和风速的减小,生长后期则是由风速的减小和相对湿度的增大引起的。

关键词: 冬小麦, 水分亏缺量, 变化趋势, 相关分析

Abstract: The paper calculated the water surplus and deficiency of the whole growth period,also the water surplus and deficiency of the early and middle and late growth stages,analyzed the spatial distribution and timing change trend of the water surplus and deficiency,explained the reasons of the water surplus and deficiency change,based on yearly data of precipitation,temperature,relative humidity,sunlight hours,wind speed during winter wheat growth period,from 48 weather stations in winter wheat areas of Hebei Province from 1965 to 2007.Three results have been gotten.First,in the whole growth period,the largest areas of water surplus and deficiency were the southeastern region of Hebei Province,and the change rate of water surplus and deficiency was less.In the middle stage,the water surplus and deficiency was most serious and the change rate was less.In the early and late stages,the water surplus and deficiency was less than in the middle and the change rate was more.Second,the water surplus and deficiency had decreasing trend in all growth periods which were caused by the change of water requirement.The third,main reasons of water requirement decreased were due to reduced sunshine duration and wind speed decreases in the whole and early growth periods,and the reasons of water requirement decreased were due to wind speed decreases and increased relative humidity in the late growth periods.

Key words: Winter wheat, Water surplus and deficiency, Change trend, Correlation

中图分类号: 

• S152.7