生物多样性对牧草生产力、营养成分和氮循环的影响

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.2010.S1.055

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了探索喀斯特地区人工牧草生物多样性对牧草生产力、营养成分和氮循环的影响,并通过多样性效应(选择效应和生态位互补效应)揭示其内在机制。试验选择常见的6种牧草品种,采用随机牧草品种组合和区组试验设计,构建了不同多样性梯度的试验群落。测定指标包括:牧草生产力、营养价值、土壤氮和多样性效应。结果表明:牧草生物多样性提高了牧草生产力,对营养价值也有显著影响。生物多样性增强了土壤-植被氮循环,体现为牧草蛋白质产量、土壤总氮和有效氮增多。选择效应和生态位互补效应共同作用于多样性-生态系统功能关系,而选择效应是主体。选择效应有利于某些高产牧草如宽叶雀稗生长,对牧草生产力、营养价值及氮循环有较大影响。

关键词: 人工牧草生物多样性, 选择效应, 生态位互补效应, 氮, 喀斯特地区

Abstract: The present study was designed to exploring the effect of forage diversity on productivity,forage chemical composition,and soil nitrogen profile by well-grown forage species in Karst region of southwestern China.The diversity effect,including selection and complementary effect,was employed to explore the underlying mechanism.Forage species included four legumes ［White Clover (Trifolium repens L. ), Red Clover (Trifolium retenseL. ), Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. ) and Common Aeschynomene Herb ( Aeschyomene americana var. americana) ］,two no-legumes ［Green Bristlegrass Herb (Setaria anceps Stapf ex Massey) and Broadleaf Paspalum (Paspalum atratum cv. Reyan 11.) ］. Experimental treatments included monocultures of six species and mixtures of 2,3,4,and 6 species,in a standard randomized block design. Productivity,forage chemical compositions,soil nitrogen content,selection and complementary effects were determined. Result showed that forage species diversity enhanced forage production and yield of CP except biculture. Forage species diversity showed a great impact on the nutritional value of forages,which was exhibit as decreased CP concentration and increased NDF and ADF concentration in the mixture of forage. In addition,forage species diversity also greatly affected the soil-plant N cycling,which was exhibit as increased crude protein production,soil total N and available N. Analysis of relative yield and diversity effect indicated that selection and complementary effect affected the diversity-ecosystem function,and selection effect was the main cause in our study. Selection effect facilitated some forage to grow in arid environment,and thus impact on the productivity and chemical composition of forage and soil nitrogen profile.

Key words: Forage species diversity, Selection effect, Complementary effect, Chemical composition, Nitrogen, Karst region

中图分类号:

廖智毅, 王敏, 朱珏, 易爱军, 谭支良, 王克林. 生物多样性对牧草生产力、营养成分和氮循环的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2010, 25(S1): 243-249. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2010.S1.055.

LIAO Zhi-yi, WANG Min, ZHU Jue, YI Ai-jun, TAN Zhi-liang, WANG Ke-lin. Effect of Forage Diversity on Productivity,Forage Chemical Composition and Soil Nitrogen Profile[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2010, 25(S1): 243-249. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2010.S1.055.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2010/V25/IS1/243

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