摘要： 采用田间取样和室内分析相结合的方法,研究了河北省麦田土壤硒的含量、形态及其有效性。结果表明:河北省麦田土壤全硒含量为0.061～0.584mg/kg,平均值0.341mg/kg,略高于全国平均值。河北省麦田土壤有效硒含量为4.93～83.88μg/kg,平均值为31.51μg/kg。河北麦省田土壤硒主要以有机物硫化物结合及元素态硒存在,占土壤全硒含量的42.25%～58.46%,其次为残渣态硒,占28.28%～40.99%,其余形态之和占12.26%～17.36%,而作物可吸收利用的可溶态、可交换态及碳酸盐结合态硒仅占8.12%～10.37%。河北麦省田土壤硒的平均有效度为9.69%。麦田土壤有效硒与土壤全硒、土壤有机质、土壤pH及土壤阳离子代换量(CEC)均呈显著或极显著正相关,因此在农业生产中通过提高土壤有机质含量可以有效地增加土壤有效硒的含量。

关键词: 麦田土壤, 硒, 含量, 形态分布, 有效性

Abstract: Based on field sampling and laboratory analysis,the content,speciation distribution and availability of selenium in wheat field soils of Hebei were studied. The results showed that Firstly,the total selenium contents were between 0. 061－0. 584 mg /kg in wheat field soils of Hebei and the average value was 0. 341 mg /kg. Secondly,the available selenium contents were between 4. 93－83. 88 μg /kg and the average value was 31. 51 μg /kg.Thirdly,the selenium in wheat field soils existed mainly in the elemental,organic and sulfide bound forms,which accounted for 42. 25%－58. 46% of the total selenium,then in the residue form,which accounted for 28. 28% －40. 99%,and the ammounts of the other forms accounted for 12. 26%－17. 36%. But the soluble,exchangable and carbonate bound forms of selenium only accounted for 8. 12%－10. 37%,which they were available for plants.Forthly,the average availability of selenium was 9. 69% in wheat field soils of Hebei. There was significant positive correlation of the available selenium contents with the total selenium contents,organnic matter,pH and CEC in soils. So in agricultural production,we could increase the available selenium contents effectively by improving soil organic matter.

Key words: Wheat field soils, Selenium, Content, Speciation distribution, Availability

中图分类号: 

• S153