干旱胁迫下不同类型小麦灌浆期营养物质积累动态

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20191708

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了解干旱对不同类型小麦籽粒灌浆期糖类、淀粉、蛋白质和微量元素的动态规律，明确干旱对营养物质在高产小麦、优质小麦和节水小麦灌浆过程中的差异，以黄淮北片麦区的小麦品种冀麦325、冀麦418、冀麦323为试验材料。选取同一天抽穗、开花的植株进行标记，于花后7～31 d每6 d取各品种籽粒样本，研究了灌浆期间干旱对籽粒中可溶性总糖、蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖、蛋白质、Fe、Zn、Mn、Cu含量、直链和支链淀粉积累量、淀粉积累速率及淀粉合成关键酶活性的影响。结果表明，在灌浆过程中，干旱胁迫显著降低了小麦籽粒蔗糖和葡萄糖的含量，对果糖含量的影响相对较小，高产品种冀麦325的蔗糖和果糖受干旱影响较小。干旱胁迫降低了小麦籽粒支链淀粉和总淀粉含量，对直链淀粉含量的影响相对较小。干旱胁迫对高产品种和优质品种淀粉含量的影响明显大于耐旱品种冀麦418。干旱胁迫在灌浆初期和中期提高了淀粉合成酶的活性，中后期活性较灌溉对照迅速下降。随籽粒灌浆的进行，4种微量矿质元素的含量呈下降趋势，在小麦籽粒中的表现为Mg > Fe > Zn > Mn。冀麦325籽粒的Fe、Zn和Mg积累量较高。研究干旱条件下不同类型小麦籽粒灌浆过程中营养物质积累差异，为优化栽培措施，实现专用小麦优质、高产、节水提供理论数据和参考依据。

关键词: 小麦, 灌浆期, 微量元素, 糖含量, 淀粉积累, 合成酶, 蛋白质含量

Abstract: In order to understand the dynamic rules of sugars, starch, protein and trace elements of different types of wheat during grain filling stage under drought stress, and to identify the difference of nutriment between drought and irrigation in the process of grain-filling by high-yield wheat, high-quality wheat and water-saving wheat, the wheat varieties of Jimai 325, Jimai 418 and Jimai 323 in the North of Huang-Huai Region were used as experimental materials. The plants heading and flowering on the same day were selected for marking, and the grains of each variety were taken every 6 days after 7-31 days after anthesis. The effects of drought during grain filling on the contents of total soluble sugar, sucrose, glucose, fructose, protein, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, amylose and amylopectin accumulation, starch accumulation rate and the activities of key enzymes in starch synthesis were studied. The results showed that the content of sucrose and glucose in wheat grains was significantly decreased under drought stress, and the effect on fructose content was relatively small, and the sucrose and fructose of high-yielding variety Jimai 325 were less affected by drought in the filling process. Drought stress decreased the content of amylopectin and total starch in wheat grains, but had relatively little effect on the content of amylose. The effect of drought stress on starch content of high-yield and high-quality varieties was significantly greater than that of drought-tolerant variety Jimai 418. The activity of starch synthase was increased in the early and middle stages of filling stage under drought stress, and decreased rapidly in the middle and late stages compared with irrigation control. The content and accumulation of four mineral elements in wheat grains were Mg>Fe>Zn>Mn. With the progress of grain filling, the content of trace elements showed a downward trend. The accumulation of Fe, Zn and Mg in grains of Jimai 325 was higher. The difference of nutrient accumulation in grain filling process of different types of wheat under drought conditions were studied to provide theoretical data and reference basis for optimizing cultivation measures and realizing high quality, high yield and water saving of special wheat.

Key words: Wheat, Filling stage, Microelement, Sugar content, Starch accumulation, Synthesis enzyme, Protein content

中图分类号:

S512.01

吕亮杰, 刘少兴, 陈希勇, 赵爱菊, 孙丽静, 李辉. 干旱胁迫下不同类型小麦灌浆期营养物质积累动态[J]. 华北农学报, 2021, 36(2): 89-98. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20191708.

Lü Liangjie, LIU Shaoxing, CHEN Xiyong, ZHAO Aiju, SUN Lijing, LI Hui. Nutrient Accumulation Dynamics of Different Types of Wheat During Grain Filling Stage under Drought Stress[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2021, 36(2): 89-98. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20191708.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2021/V36/I2/89

参考文献

[1] 李丽. 冬小麦灌浆期非结构性碳水化合物积累转运对干旱胁迫的生理响应[D]. 兰州:甘肃农业大学, 2013.
Li L. Physiological response of accumulation and transport of unstructured carbohydrates to drought stress in winter wheat during filling period[D]. Lanzhou:Gansu Agricultural University.
[2] Ahmed K, Shabbir G, Ahmed M, Shah K N. Phenotyping for drought resistance in bread wheat using physiological and biochemical traits[J]. The Science of the Total Environment, 2020, 729:139082. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139082.
[3] Harkness C, Semenov M A, Areal F, Senapati N, Trnka M, Balek J, Bishop J. Adverse weather conditions for UK wheat production under climate change[J]. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2020, 282-283:107862. doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.107862.
[4] Mastilović J, Živančev D, Lončar E, Malbaša R, Hristov N, Kevrešan Ž. Effects of high temperatures and drought during anthesis and grain filling period on wheat processing quality and underlying gluten structural changes[J]. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2018, 98(8):2898-2907. doi:10.1002/jsfa.8784.
[5] 白蓓蓓,陈业渊,王鹏.植物蔗糖合酶家族基因鉴定及序列和进化分析[J].分子植物育种,2018,16(7):2175-2179.doi:10.13271/j.mpb.016.002175.
Bai B B, Chen Y Y, Wang P. Identification,sequence analysis and evolutionary inference of plant sucrose synthase family genes[J]. Molecular Plant Breeding, 2018,16(7):2175-2179.
[6] Yu H D, Zhang Y M, Zhang Z Y, Zhang J, Wei Y H, Jia X T, Wang X C, Ma X M. Towards identification of molecular mechanism in which the overexpression of wheat cytosolic and plastid glutamine synthetases in tobacco enhanced drought tolerance[J]. Plant Physiol Biochem, 2020,151:608-620. doi:10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.04.013.
[7] 马召朋. 干旱调控小麦灌浆期果聚糖积累和关键代谢基因表达研究[D]. 兰州:甘肃农业大学,2014.
Ma Z P. Study on accumulation and expression of key metabolizing genes of fructan regulated by drought in wheat at grain filling stage[D]. Lanzhou:Gansu Agricultural University,2014.
[8] 胡梦芸,张正斌,徐萍,董宝娣,李魏强,李景娟.亏缺灌溉下小麦水分利用效率与光合产物积累运转的相关研究[J].作物学报, 2007, 33(10):1711-1719. doi:10.3321/j.issn:0496-3490.2007.10.022.
Hu M Y, Zhang Z B, Xu P, Dong B D, Li W Q, Li J J. Relationship of water use efficiency with photoassimilate accumulation and transport in wheat under deficit irrigation[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica,2007,33(10):1711-1719.
[9] Shi H R, Wang B, Yang P J, Li Y B, Miao F. Differences in sugar accumulation and mobilization between sequential and non-sequential senescence wheat cultivars under natural and drought conditions[J]. PLoS One, 2016, 11(11):e0166155. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0166155.
[10] Nemati F, Ghanati F, Gavlighi H A, Sharifi M. Fructan dynamics and antioxidant capacity of 4-day-old seedlings of wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars during drought stress and recovery[J]. Functional Plant Biology, 2018, 45(10):1000-1008. doi:10.1071/FP18008.
[11] Zhu F, Bertoft E, Li G T. Morphological, thermal, and rheological properties of starches from maize mutants deficient in starch synthase Ⅲ[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2016,64(34):6539-6545. doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.6b01265.
[12] Han H X, Yang C T, Zhu J H, Zhang L X, Bai Y M, Li E P, Gilbert R G. Competition between granule bound starch synthase and starch branching enzyme in starch biosynthesis[J]. Rice, 2019,12(1):1-9. doi:10.1186/s12284-019-0353-3.
[13] 侯俊峰, 黄鑫, 侯阁阁, 王晨阳, 谢迎新, 郭天财, 王永华, 马冬云.非结构性碳水化合物积累与小麦植株抗旱性及产量的关系[J].西北农业学报, 2017, 26(11):1590-1597. doi:10.7606/j.issn.1004-1389.2017.11.004.
Hou J F, Huang X, Hou G G, Wang C Y, Xie Y X, Guo T C, Wang Y H, Ma D Y. Relationship between non-structural carbohydrate accumulation and drought resistance and grain yield of wheat[J]. Acta Agriculture Boreali-occidentali Sinica, 2017, 26(11):1590-1597.
[14] Lu H F, Hu Y Y, Wang C Y, Liu W X, Ma G, Han Q X, Ma D Y.Effects of high temperature and drought stress on the expression of gene encoding enzymes and the activity of key enzymes involved in starch biosynthesis in wheat grains[J]. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2019,10:1414. doi:10.3389/fpls.2019.01414.
[15] 卢红芳,王晨阳,郭天财,尹云星. 灌浆前期高温和干旱胁迫对小麦籽粒蛋白质含量和氮代谢关键酶活性的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2014,34(13):3612-3619. doi:10.5846/stxb201211221654.
Lu H F, Wang C Y, Guo T C, Yin Y X. Effects of high-temperature and drought stress on protein concentration and key enzyme activities in relation to nitrogen metabolism in wheat grains during the early stage of grain filling[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2014,34(13):3612-3619.
[16] 胡阳阳,卢红芳,刘卫星,康娟, 马耕, 李莎莎, 褚莹莹, 王晨阳.灌浆期高温与干旱胁迫对小麦籽粒淀粉合成关键酶活性及淀粉积累的影响[J].作物学报,2018,44(4):591-600. doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2018.00591.
Hu Y Y, Lu H F, Liu W X, Kang J, Ma G, Li S S, Chu Y Y, Wang C Y.Effects of high temperature and water deficiency during grain filling on activities of key starch synthesis enzymes and starch accumulation in wheat[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2018,44(4):591-600.
[17] Zhang W Y, Gu J F, Wang Z Q, Wei C X, Yang J C, Zhang J H. Comparison of structural and functional properties of wheat starch under different soil drought conditions[J]. Scientific Reports, 2017, 7(1):12312. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-10802-3.
[18] Ahmadi A, Baker D A.The effect of water stress on the activities of key regulatory enzymes of the sucrose to starch pathway in wheat[J]. Plant Growth Regulation, 2001,35(1):81-91. doi:10.1023/A:1013827600528.
[19] Hussain B, Lucas S J, Ozturk L, Budak H. Mapping QTLs conferring salt tolerance and micronutrient concentrations at seedling stagein wheat[J]. Scientific Reports, 2017,7(1):15662. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-15726-6.
[20] 王健胜, 吴政卿, 周正富, 马爱锄, 刘军, 晁岳恩, 李文旭, 王亚欢, 李静婷, 赵干卿, 雷振生.国内外小麦种质主要矿质元素含量的评价分析[J].分子植物育种,2018,16(22):7550-7557.doi:10.13271/j.mpb.016.007550.
Wang J S, Wu Z Q, Zhou Z F, Ma A C, Liu J, Chao Y E, Li W X, Wang Y H, Li J T, Zhao G Q, Lei Z S. Evaluation and analysis of major mineral elements content in domestic and foreign wheat germplasm[J]. Molecular Plant Breeding, 2018,16(22):7550-7557.
[21] 姬虎太,王敏,曹勇,李晓丽, 姜兰芳, 马小飞.硬粒小麦与野生二粒小麦籽粒铁、锌、硒元素质量分数的相关性分析[J].西北农业学报,2018,27(6):772-778.
Ji H T, Wang M, Cao Y, Li X L, Jiang L F, Ma X F. Correlation analysis of Fe, Zn, Se mass fraction in Durum and Emmer wheat[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica, 2018,27(6):772-778.
[22] Skalnaya M G, Tinkov A A, Prakash N T, Ajsuvakova O P, Jaiswal S K, Prakash R, Grabeklis A R, Kirichuk A A, Zhuchenko N A, Regula J, Zhang F, Guo X, Skalny A V. Selenium and other elements in wheat (Triticum aestivum) and wheat bread from a seleniferous area[J]. Biological Trace Element Research, 2019,192(5):10-17. doi:10.1007/s12011-019-01776-6.
[23] Khokhar J S, King J L, King I P, Young S D, Foulkes M J, De Silva J, Weerasinghe M, Mossa A, Griffiths S, Riche A B, Hawkesford M, Shewry P, Broadley M R. Novel sources of variation in grain zinc (Zn) concentration in bread wheat germplasm derived from Watkins landraces[J]. PLoS One, 2020,15(2):e0229107. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0229107.
[24] Semassa A J,Anihouvi V B,Padonou S W, Aly D, Adjanohoun A, Baba-Moussa L.Evaluation of mineral composition of endogenous and improved varieties of maize (Zeamays) cultivated in Southern Benin[J]. African Journal of Agricultural Research,2016,11(39):3816-3823. doi:10.5897/AJAR2016.11451.
[25] 卢红芳,石向军,胡阳阳,王晨阳,王家瑞,刘卫星,马耕,康娟.灌浆期高温与干旱对小麦籽粒淀粉合成相关酶基因表达的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2020,40(5):517-525.doi:10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2020.05.01.
Lu H F, Shi X J, Hu Y Y, Wang C Y, Wang J R, Liu W X, Ma G, Kang J. Response of enzymes involved in starch biosynthesis to high temperature and drought stress during the grain filling stage[J]. Journal of Triticeae Crops, 2020,40(5):517-525.
[26] 何照范.粮油籽粒品质及其分析技术[M].北京:农业出版社,1985.
He Z F. Grain quality and analysis technology of grain and oil[M]. Beijing:Agricultural Press,1985.
[27] 程方民,蒋德安,吴平, 石春海. 早籼稻籽粒灌浆过程中淀粉合成酶的变化及温度效应特征[J].作物学报,2001,27(2):201-206. doi:10.3321/j.issn:0496-3490.2001.02.011.
Cheng F M, Jiang D A, Wu P, Shi C H. The dynamic change of starch synthesis enzymes during the grain filling stage and effects of temperature upon it[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2001, 27(2):201-206.
[28] Nakamura Y,Yuki K,Park S Y, Ohya T.Carbohydrate metabolism in the developing endosperm of rice grains[J]. Plant Cell Physiology, 1989,30(6):833-839. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournal.pcp.a077813.
[29] 赵法茂,齐霞,肖军,王宪泽.测定淀粉分支酶活性方法的改进[J].植物生理学通讯,2007,43(6):1167-1169.
Zhao F M, Qi X, Xiao J, Wang X Z. Improvemed method for determining starch branching enzyme activity[J]. Plant Physiology Communications, 2007,43(6):1167-1169.
[30] Lan S Q, Meng Y N, Li X Pu, Zhang Y L, Song G Y, Ma H J. Effect of consumption of micronutrient enriched wheat steamed bread on postprandial plasma glucose in healthy and type 2 diabetic subjects[J]. Nutrition Journal, 2013, 12(1):1-7. doi:10.1186/1475-2891-12-64.
[31] 孙旭生,刘义国,林琪. 补灌对旱地高产小麦生育后期碳代谢及产量的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2017,33(18):7-12.
Sun X S, Liu Y G, Lin Q. Effects of supplement irrigation on carbon metabolism at later developing stages and yield of high-yield wheat in dry land[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2017,33(18):7-12.
[32] 岳鹏莉. 花后高温干旱胁迫对冬小麦淀粉合成特性的影响[D]. 郑州:河南农业大学,2017.
Yue P L. Effects of high temperature and drought stress on starch synthesis characteristics after flowering of winter wheat[D]. Zhengzhou:Henan Agricultural University, 2017.
[33] 戴忠民, 王振林, 高凤菊, 李文阳, 闫素辉, 蔡瑞国, 张敏, 尹燕枰. 两种供水条件下两穗型小麦品种籽粒淀粉积累及相关酶活性的变化特征[J]. 作物学报, 2007,33(4):682-685. doi:10.3321/j.issn:0496-3490.2007.04.025.
Dai Z M, Wang Z L, Gao F J, Li W Y, Yan S H, Cai R G, Zhang M, Yin Y P. Characterization of starch accumulation and activities of enzymes involved in starch synthesis in grains of wheat cultivars differing in spike types field-grown in irrigation and rainfed conditions[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2007,33(4):682-685.
[34] 姜丽娜,蒿宝珍,候飞,李春喜,王志敏.小麦籽粒灌浆期铁、锌、锰、铜积累动态的研究[J].麦类作物学报,2008,28(2):301-306.
Jiang L N, Hao B Z, Hou F, Li C X, Wang Z M. Dynamic accumulation of Fe,Zn,Mn and Cu in grains of common wheat during grain-filling stage[J]. Journal of Triticeae Crops, 2008,28(2):301-306.

选择文件类型/文献管理软件名称

选择包含的内容