普通小麦KU3067和Apav分离群体抗叶锈基因定位

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20196231

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

发掘并定位小麦品种中携带的抗病基因能为小麦新品种选育提供抗源、基因及标记。以阿富汗小麦地方品种KU3067及Apav构建的BC₁F₅群体为材料,在河北保定环境进行苗期和成株期抗叶锈性鉴定,并开展抗病基因定位研究。苗期鉴定结果显示,KU3067对3个供试叶锈菌生理小种表现为高感,Apav表现为高抗,148个BC₁F₅群体植株的抗感分离比符合1对基因的遗传模式,分子标记分析证实Apav中的基因为已知抗叶锈基因Lr13。成株期鉴定结果显示,KU3067、Apav均表现为高抗,后代群体呈现连续性分布,符合数量性状的特点,结合群体的DArT-Seq数据分析共定位到5个抗叶锈数量性状位点(QTL)。来自Apav的Lr13在2个环境中检测到,分别解释了51.60%,25.08%的表型变异;Lr67来自KU3067,解释了4.98%~7.30%的表型变异;来自Apav的QLr.hebau-2AS解释了6.68%的表型变异,可能为新的位点;来自Apav的QLr.hebau-5DL.1和来自KU3067的QLr.hebau-5DL.2分别解释了23.74%,8.41%的表型变异,均推测为新位点。明确了KU3067/Apav群体在保定环境下的抗性表现特征,定位了包括Lr13、Lr67以及3个潜在新抗叶锈QTL,并开发了紧密连锁的分子标记,为我国小麦抗叶锈病育种提供了重要的基因资源和标记。

关键词: 小麦叶锈病, QTL定位, 分子标记, 遗传分析

Abstract:

Discovery and mapping of disease-resistant genes in wheat varieties can provide resistance sources,genes and markers for the breeding of new wheat cultivars.KU3067/Apav BC₁F₅ population were used to evaluate for leaf rust resistance at seedling and adult plant stage in Baoding,Hebei Province,and leaf rust resistance gene(s)were mapped using molecular marker technology.At the seedling stage,KU3067 was highly susceptible to three leaf rust physiological races while Apav was highly resistant.The 148 BC₁F₅ lines showed a separation ratio of one pair of genes,indicating that there was a dominant gene in Apav.It was confirmed that the gene was the known leaf rust resistance gene Lr13 using molecular marker technology.Both parents showed high resistance at the adult stage,and the population showed continuous distribution,which was consistent with the characteristics of quantitative traits.Combined with the DArT-Seq data of the population,five leaf rust resistance QTLs were mapped in this population.Lr13,from Apav,was detected in two environments and explained 51.60% and 25.08% of the phenotypic variance,respectively.Lr67 from KU3067 was detected in two environments,explaining 4.98%—7.30% of the phenotypic variance,respectively.QLr.hebau-2AS,from Apav,explained 6.68% of the phenotypic variance.QLr.hebau-5DL.1 from Apav,and QLr.hebau-5DL.2 from KU3067 explained 23.74% and 8.41% of the phenotypic variance,respectively,the two gene might be novel.This study clarified the resistance performance characteristics of the KU3067/Apav population in the Baoding environment,mapped multiple genetic loci including Lr13,Lr67,and three potentially novel leaf rust resistance QTLs,and developed closely linked molecular markers.This provides valuable genetic resources and markers for wheat leaf rust resistance breeding in China.

Key words: Wheat leaf rust, QTL mapping, Molecular marker, Genetic analysis

中图分类号:

徐浩, 董海焦, 王炜星, 高璞, 王新海, 王金硕, 王新锐, 李在峰, 张培培. 普通小麦KU3067和Apav分离群体抗叶锈基因定位[J]. 华北农学报, 2026, 41(2): 179-186. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20196231.

XU Hao, DONG Haijiao, WANG Weixing, GAO Pu, WANG Xinhai, WANG Jinshuo, WANG Xinrui, LI Zaifeng, ZHANG Peipei. Gene Mapping for Leaf Rust Resistance in the Segregating Population of Common Wheat KU3067 and Apav[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2026, 41(2): 179-186. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20196231.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2026/V41/I2/179

图/表 8

图1 KU3067、Apav、KU3067/Apav群体后代的抗性系(R1)和感病系(S1)的苗期表型

Fig.1 Seedling infections of KU3067, Apav, resistant line (R1)and susceptible line(S1)form KU3067/Apav population

表1 基于孟德尔遗传定律分析的148个KU3067/Apav的BC₁F₅对叶锈病表型的数量

Tab.1 The number of seedling resistance to leaf rust in 148 KU3067/Apav BC₁F₅ based on Mendelian segregation analysis

参数Parameter	THJT	PHKT	THHT
抗病家系数量No.of homozygous resistant lines	102	99	100
感病家系数量No.of homozygous susceptible lines	39	39	39
分离家系数量No.of heterozygous lines	7	7	7
未出苗家系数量No.of missing lines	0	3	2
卡方检测P值P value of χ² analysis	0.33	0.27	0.29

图2 LrAp位于2BS染色体上的部分遗传连锁图谱对应染色体的连锁图左侧为遗传位置(单位 cM),右侧为标记名称。图5同。

Fig.2 Partial genetic linkage map of LrAp located on 2BS chromosome Positions (in cM) of cumulated genetic distances of linkage group along chromosomes are shown on the left axes and for molecular markers on the right.The same as Fig.5.

图3 Lr13功能标记HBAU-LrZH22检测KU3067/Apav群体 M.标记DL2000;1.KU3067;2.Apav;3, 4.感病家系;5, 7,8, 10, 11.抗病家系;6, 9.分离家系。

Fig.3 Detection of KU3067/Apav population by Lr13 functional markers HBAU-LrZH22 M.Marker DL2000;1.KU3067;2.Apav;3, 4.Homozygous susceptible lines;5,7,8,10,11.Homozygous resistant lines;6, 9.Heterozygous lines.

表2 KU3067/Apav BC₁F₅群体叶锈病田间表型的MDS总结

Tab.2 Summary of MDS in the KU3067/Apav BC₁F₅ population phenotyped for leaf rust in the field tests

亲本/参数 Parent/ Parameter	2021年保定叶锈最大严重度 21BDLR MDS	2022年保定叶锈最大严重度 22BDLR MDS
Apav	5.0	5.0
KU3067	1.0	1.0
群体均值Population mean	25.0	22.5
最小值Minimum	1.0	1.0
最大值Maximum	100.0	100.0

图4 KU3067/Apav BC₁F₅在田间叶锈病最大严重程度的频率分布

Fig.4 Frequency distributions of KU3067/Apav BC₁F₅ for maximum disease severity of leaf rust in field trials

表3 KU3067/Apav BC₁F₅群体中定位的抗叶锈QTL位点

Tab.3 Quantitative trait locus/loci for MDS to leaf rust in the BC₁F₅ population from KU3067/Apav

数量性状位点 QTL	环境 Environment	位置/cM Position	标记区间 Marker interval	物理位置/Mb Physical position	对数优势值 LOD	贡献率/% PVE	加性效应/% ADD	供给亲本 Contributing parent
QLr.hebau-2AS	2022BDLR	30.00	1091536\|F\|-0-43:C>T~ 100056096\|F\|-0-11:C>G	24.6~18.8	6.58	6.68	10.31	Apav
Lr13	2021BDLR	41.00	3533726\|F\|-0-24:G>T~ 1002952\|F\|-0-37:T>C	116.0~118.0	25.19	51.60	21.99	Apav
	2022BDLR	46.00	6036484\|F\|-0-18:G>A~ 544256\|F\|-0-47:T>A	139.0~161.7	19.97	25.08	19.76
Lr67	2021BDLR	12.19	1070439~2261300	234.4~434.2	4.96	7.30	-9.07	KU3067
	2022BDLR	13.19	2261300~4003136	434.2~435.0	5.00	4.98	-9.99
QLr.hebau-5DL.1	2022BDLR	72.00	986261~3961411	437.7~549.3	15.87	23.74	18.27	Apav
QLr.hebau-5DL.2	2022BDLR	199.00	1155409\|F\|-0-51:G>A~ 1048778\|F\|-0-62:C>T	443.8~461.6	7.38	8.41	-11.65	KU3067

图5 KU3067/Apav群体中成株抗叶锈QTL位置图

Fig.5 Linkage map of QTL for leaf rust resistance of adult plants in KU3067/Apav population

参考文献 37

[1]	赵广才, 常旭虹, 王德梅, 陶志强, 王艳杰, 杨玉双, 朱英杰. 小麦生产概况及其发展[J]. 作物杂志, 2018, 4:1-7.doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2018.04.001.
	Zhao G C, Chang X H, Wang D M, Tao Z Q, Wang Y J, Yang Y S, Zhu Y J. Overview and development of wheat production[J]. Crops, 2018, 4:1-7. doi: 10.3390/crops4010001 URL
[2]	Khan M H, Bukhari A, Ahmad Dar Z, Rizvi S M. Status and strategies in breeding for rust resistance in wheat[J]. Agricultural Sciences, 2013, 4(6):292-301.doi:10.4236/as.2013.46042. URL
[3]	Xu B Y, Shen T, Chen H, Li H N, Rehman S U, Lyu S K, Hua L, Wang G P, Zhang C Z, Li K R, Li H, Lan C X, Chen G Y, Hao M, Chen S S. Mapping and characterization of rust resistance genes Lr53 and Yr35 introgressed from Aegilops species[J]. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2024, 137(5):113.doi:10.1007/s00122-024-04616-x.
[4]	Lowe I, Cantu D, Dubcovsky J. Durable resistance to the wheat rusts:integrating systems biology and traditional phenotype-based research methods to guide the deployment of resistance genes[J]. Euphytica, 2011, 179(1):69-79.doi:10.1007/s10681-010-0311-z. URL
[5]	Do Vale F X R, Parlevliet J E, Zambolim L. Concepts in plant disease resistance[J]. Fitopatologia Brasileira, 2001, 26(3):577-589.doi:10.1590/s0100-41582001000300001. URL
[6]	Singh R P, Huerta-Espino J, Rajaram S. Achieving near-immunity to leaf and stripe rusts in wheat by combining slow rusting resistance genes[J]. Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica, 2000, 35(1):133-139.doi:10.1556/APhyt.35.2000.1-2.16.
[7]	Sharma D, Avni R, Gutierrez-Gonzalez J, Kumar R, Sela H, Prusty M R, Shatil-Cohen A, Molnár I, Holušová K, Said M, Doležel J, Millet E, Khazan-Kost S, Landau U, Bethke G, Sharon O, Ezrati S, Ronen M, Maatuk O, Eilam T, Manisterski J, Ben-Yehuda P, Anikster Y, Matny O, Steffenson B J, Mascher M, Brabham H J, Moscou M J, Liang Y, Yu G T, Wulff B B H, Muehlbauer G, Minz-Dub A, Sharon A. A single NLR gene confers resistance to leaf and stripe rust in wheat[J]. Nature Communications, 2024, 15:9925.doi:10.1038/s41467-024-54068-6.
[8]	薛敬彤. 小麦新品种(系)主要病害部分抗病基因鉴定[D]. 泰安:山东农业大学, 2024.doi:10.27277/d.cnki.gsdnu.2024.000318.
	Xue J T. Identification of resistance genes for some major diseases of new wheat varieties(lines)[D]. Taian: Shandong Agricultural University,2024.
[9]	Tong J Y, Zhao C, Liu D, Jambuthenne D T, Sun M J, Dinglasan E, Periyannan S K, Hickey L T, Hayes B J. Genome-wide atlas of rust resistance loci in wheat[J]. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2024, 137(8):179.doi:10.1007/s00122-024-04689-8. pmid: 38980436
[10]	Jaccoud D, Peng K, Feinstein D, Kilian A. Diversity arrays:a solid state technology for sequence information independent genotyping[J]. Nucleic Acids Research, 2001, 29(4):E25.doi:10.1093/nar/29.4.e25.
[11]	Raman H, Raman R, Kilian A, Detering F, Carling J, Coombes N, Diffey S, Kadkol G, Edwards D, McCully M, Ruperao P, Parkin I A P, Batley J, Luckett D J, Wratten N. Genome-wide delineation of natural variation for pod shatter resistance in Brassica napus[J]. PLoS One, 2014, 9(7):e101673.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0101673. URL
[12]	Buerstmayr M, Matiasch L, Mascher F, Vida G, Ittu M, Robert O, Holdgate S, Flath K, Neumayer A, Buerstmayr H. Mapping of quantitative adult plant field resistance to leaf rust and stripe rust in two European winter wheat populations reveals co-location of three QTL conferring resistance to both rust pathogens[J]. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2014, 127(9):2011-2028.doi:10.1007/s00122-014-2357-0. pmid: 25112204
[13]	Ren Y, Singh R P, Basnet B R, Lan C X, Huerta-Espino J, Lagudah E S, Ponce-Molina L J. Identification and mapping of adult plant resistance loci to leaf rust and stripe rust in common wheat cultivar Kundan[J]. Plant Disease, 2017, 101(3):456-463.doi:10.1094/pdis-06-16-0890-re. pmid: 30677352
[14]	Deblieck M, Ordon F, Serfling A. Mapping of prehaustorial resistance against wheat leaf rust in einkorn(Triticum monococcum),a progenitor of wheat[J]. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2023, 14:1252123.doi:10.3389/fpls.2023.1252123. URL
[15]	Tanaka H, Morris C F, Haruna M, Tsujimoto H. Prevalence of puroindoline alleles in wheat varieties from eastern Asia including the discovery of a new SNP in puroindoline b[J]. Plant Genetic Resources, 2008, 6(2):142-152.doi:10.1017/s1479262108993151. URL
[16]	Zhang P P, Lan C X, Singh R P, Huerta-Espino J, Li Z F, Lagudah E, Bhavani S. Identification and characterization of resistance loci to wheat leaf rust and stripe rust in Afghan Landrace KU3067[J]. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2022, 13:894528.doi:10.3389/fpls.2022.894528. URL
[17]	王思曼, 张静, 张培培, Gebrewahid Takele Weldu, 闫晓翠, 刘大群, 李在峰. 69份国外小麦品种(系)抗叶锈性鉴定及基因分析[J]. 麦类作物学报, 2020, 40(10):1166-1174.doi:10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2020.10.03.
	Wang S M, Zhang J, Zhang P P, Weldu G T, Yan X C, Liu D Q, Li Z F. Leaf rust resistance identification and gene analysis of 69 foreign wheat varieties(lines)[J]. Journal of Triticeae Crops, 2020, 40(10):1166-1174.
[18]	Roelfs A, Singh R P, Saari E E. Rust diseases of wheat:concepts and methods of disease management[R]. Mexico,D. F.: CIMMYT, 1992.
[19]	Peterson R F, Campbell A B, Hannah A E. A diagrammatic scale for estimating rust intensity on leaves and stems of cereals[J]. Canadian Journal of Research, 1948, 26c(5):496-500.doi:10.1139/cjr48c-033. URL
[20]	Yan X C, Li M M, Zhang P P, Yin G H, Zhang H Z, Gebrewahid T W, Zhang J P, Dong L L, Liu D Q, Liu Z Y, Li Z F. High-temperature wheat leaf rust resistance gene Lr13 exhibits pleiotropic effects on hybrid necrosis[J]. Molecular Plant, 2021, 14(7):1029-1032.doi:10.1016/j.molp.2021.05.009. URL
[21]	Li H H, Ye G Y, Wang J K. A modified algorithm for the improvement of composite interval mapping[J]. Genetics, 2007, 175(1):361-374.doi:10.1534/genetics.106.066811. pmid: 17110476
[22]	刘华梁. Pavon 76抗叶锈性基因的鉴定[D]. 保定:河北农业大学, 2006.doi:10.7666/d.y933517.
	Liu H L. Identification of resistant genes to wheat leaf rust in Pavon 76[D]. Baoding: Hebei Agricultural University,2006.
[23]	Dyck P L, Samborski D J. Adult-plant leaf rust resistance in pi 250413,an introduction of common wheat[J]. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 1979, 59(2):329-332.doi:10.4141/cjps79-053. URL
[24]	Hiebert C W, Thomas J B, McCallum B D, Humphreys D G, DePauw R M, Hayden M J, Mago R, Schnippenkoetter W, Spielmeyer W. An introgression on wheat chromosome 4DL in RL6077(Thatcher6/PI 250413)confers adult plant resistance to stripe rust and leaf rust(Lr67)[J]. Theoretical and Applied Genetics*, 2010, 121(6):1083-1091.doi:10.1007/s00122-010-1373-y. pmid: 20552325
[25]	Herrera-Foessel S A, Lagudah E S, Huerta-Espino J, Hayden M J, Bariana H S, Singh D, Singh R P. New slow-rusting leaf rust and stripe rust resistance genes Lr67 and Yr46 in wheat are pleiotropic or closely linked[J]. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2011, 122(1):239-249.doi:10.1007/s00122-010-1439-x. pmid: 20848270
[26]	Herrera-Foessel S A, Singh R P, Lillemo M, Huerta-Espino J, Bhavani S, Singh S, Lan C X, Calvo-Salazar V, Lagudah E S. Lr67/Yr46 confers adult plant resistance to stem rust and powdery mildew in wheat[J]. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2014, 127(4):781-789.doi:10.1007/s00122-013-2256-9. pmid: 24408377
[27]	Moore J W, Herrera-Foessel S, Lan C X, Schnippenkoetter W, Ayliffe M, Huerta-Espino J, Lillemo M, Viccars L, Milne R, Periyannan S, Kong X Y, Spielmeyer W, Talbot M, Bariana H, Patrick J W, Dodds P, Singh R, Lagudah E. A recently evolved hexose transporter variant confers resistance to multiple pathogens in wheat[J]. Nature Genetics, 2015, 47(12):1494-1498.doi:10.1038/ng.3439. pmid: 26551671
[28]	Zhang Q, Wei W X, Zuansun X, Zhang S N, Wang C, Liu N N, Qiu L N, Wang W D, Guo W L, Ma J, Peng H R, Hu Z R, Sun Q X, Xie C J. Fine mapping of the leaf rust resistance gene Lr65 in spelt wheat Altgold[J]. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2021, 12:666921.doi:10.3389/fpls.2021.666921. URL
[29]	Błaszczyk L, Goyeau H, Huang X Q, Röder M, Stepień L, Chełkowski J. Identifying leaf rust resistance genes and mapping gene Lr37 on the microsatellite map of wheat[J]. Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters, 2004, 9(4B):869-878.
[30]	Bremenkamp-Barrett B, Faris J D, Fellers J P. Molecular mapping of the leaf rust resistance gene Lr17a in wheat[J]. Crop Science, 2008, 48(3):1124-1128.doi:10.2135/cropsci2007.07.0379. URL
[31]	Singh D, Park R F, Bariana H S, McIntosh R A. Cytogenetic studies in wheat XIX.Chromosome location and linkage studies of a gene for leaf rust resistance in the Australian cultivar Harrier[J]. Plant Breeding, 2001, 120(1):7-12.doi:10.1046/j.1439-0523.2001.00544.x.
[32]	Naik B K, Vinod, Sharma J B, Sivasamy M, Prabhu K V, Tomar R S, Tomar S M S. Molecular mapping and validation of the microsatellite markers linked to the Secale cereale-derived leaf rust resistance gene Lr45 in wheat[J]. Molecular Breeding, 2015, 35(2):61.doi:10.1007/s11032-015-0234-4. URL
[33]	Cloutier S, McCallum B D, Loutre C, Banks T W, Wicker T, Feuillet C, Keller B, Jordan M C. Leaf rust resistance gene Lr1,isolated from bread wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) is a member of the large psr567 gene family[J]. Plant Molecular Biology, 2007, 65(1):93-106.doi:10.1007/s11103-007-9201-8. URL
[34]	Marais G F, McCallum B, Marais A S. Leaf rust and stripe rust resistance genes derived from Aegilops Sharonensis[J]. Euphytica, 2006, 149(3):373-380.doi:10.1007/s10681-006-9092-9. URL
[35]	Hiebert C W, McCallum B D, Thomas J B. Lr70,a new gene for leaf rust resistance mapped in common wheat accession KU3198[J]. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2014, 127(9):2005-2009.doi:10.1007/s00122-014-2356-1. pmid: 25112203
[36]	Bansal M, Kaur S, Dhaliwal H S, Bains N S, Bariana H S, Chhuneja P, Bansal U K. Mapping of Aegilops umbellulata-derived leaf rust and stripe rust resistance loci in wheat[J]. Plant Pathology, 2017, 66(1):38-44.doi:10.1111/ppa.12549. URL
[37]	Kolmer J A, Bernardo A, Bai G, Hayden M J, Chao S. Adult plant leaf rust resistance derived from toropi wheat is conditioned by Lr78 and three minor QTL[J]. Phytopathology, 2018, 108(2):246-253.doi:10.1094/phyto-07-17-0254-r. pmid: 28990484

选择文件类型/文献管理软件名称

选择包含的内容