西葫芦种子无壳性状遗传分析及无壳基因<i>Cphl</i>初步定位

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20195485

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

西葫芦的裸仁种子在籽用西葫芦的加工中具有很大的天然优势。为探究西葫芦种子无壳性状的遗传机制,以西葫芦高代自交系种子有壳17pu10(P₁)和种子无壳17pu08(P₂)为亲本,构建F₁(P₁×P₂)、F₂和BC₁群体,对后代群体的西葫芦种子性状进行鉴定。结果发现,后代群体的西葫芦有壳种子与无壳种子的数目比例符合3∶1分离比,表明西葫芦种子无壳性状受到单基因调控,且种子无壳基因表现为隐性。利用籽用西葫芦BC₁群体对无壳基因进行初步定位,结果表明,籽用西葫芦无壳基因定位于标记InDel3157329和InDel3724121之间,遗传距离分别为1.4,2.6 cM,该区间物理距离为0.6 Mb。对该区间内的24个基因进行注释和功能分析发现,有4个基因直接或间接参与细胞壁、纤维素和木质素的生物合成;进一步分析这4个基因表达量的差异,发现只有Cp4.1LG12g04350、Cp4.1LG12g04370在种子发育时期表达量存在显著差异。由此推测,Cp4.1LG12g04350或Cp4.1LG12g04370为控制无壳性状的候选基因。此外,还开发出与无壳基因连锁的InDel标记,可作为西葫芦无壳性状鉴定的标记,以加快优质西葫芦种子无壳品种的选育。

关键词: 西葫芦, 无壳基因, 遗传分析, 基因定位, 基因连锁, InDel标记

Abstract:

The naked seeds of zucchinii possess significant natural advantages in processing.To investigate the genetic mechanisms underlying the hull-less trait in zucchini,we utilized the hulled 17pu10 (P₁) and the hull-less 17pu08 (P₂) as parental strains,and constructed populations of F₁ (P₁×P₂),F₂,and BC₁.The phenotypes of the zucchini seeds in the progeny population were assessed.The results showed that the number ratio of hulled seeds and hull-less seeds in the progeny population was in line with 3∶1 separation ratio.This indicated that the hull-less trait was regulated by a single gene and that the hull-less allele was recessive.Genetic mapping within this interval revealed that the gene for hull-less in zucchini was located between the markers InDel3157329 and InDel3724121,with genetic distances of 1.4,2.6 cM,respectively,while the physical distance was 0.6 Mb.The annotation and function analysis of 24 genes in the interval showed that 4 genes were directly or indirectly involved in the biosynthesis of cell wall,cellulose and lignin.Further analysis of the expression differences of 4 genes showed that only Cp4.1LG12g04350 and Cp4.1LG12g04370 had significant differences in expression levels during seed development.It was inferred that Cp4.1LG12g04350 or Cp4.1LG12g04370 was the candidate gene controlling the hull-less trait.In addition,InDel markers linked to hull-less genes were developed,which could be used as markers to identify zucchini hull-less traits,so as to accelerate the breeding of high-quality zucchini seed hull-less varieties.

Key words: Zucchini, Hull-less gene, Genetic analysis, Gene mapping, Gene linkage, InDel marked

董晨晨, 刘泽慧, 曹嫒婉, 许小勇, 雷逢进, 刘庆华. 西葫芦种子无壳性状遗传分析及无壳基因Cphl初步定位[J]. 华北农学报, 2025, 40(2): 40-48. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20195485.

DONG Chenchen, LIU Zehui, CAO Aiwan, XU Xiaoyong, LEI Fengjin, LIU Qinghua. Genetic Analysis and Preliminary Mapping of Seed Hull-less Gene Cphl in Zucchini[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2025, 40(2): 40-48. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20195485.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2025/V40/I2/40

图/表 10

参考文献 35

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引物名称 Primer name	正向引物序列(5'—3') Forward primer(5'—3')	反向引物序列(5'—3') Reverse primer(5'—3')
Indel 1434239	AAAGGCGTAGTTTTCATAGT	TTGTGCAAAATCACCTTCAA
Indel 1447763	AGATGAGCTAAGGCCCAACA	TTACTGTGCCGAATGGTTTG
Indel 1476103	CACTTTCTGCTTACACCCAT	CCTCCGCTGTTTCTTCCTTC
Indel 2024961	AGTTGAAGAAGTGCTTGCTG	ATTGGTAGGAGACCTTTTGG
Indel 2124842	AATTAAATCAGCCACCACTA	CACAGTTCTACAACGGCAAG
Indel 2737845	ATGCACATCACCCCAAACAA	TATTAGTAACGGGTTAGATT
Indel 2864940	CATGTCACAGGGGATGTAGG	CTCGCAATTTATTTCTAAGGAT
Indel 2884389	CACGGCTGAAGATAGCATTT	AAGGGTCTCATACATTACAT
Indel 3157329	ACAAGAACCCCACCACATCA	TGCGAAGAAAACAAACAGAACA
Indel 3248462	AAGTCCCACATCGGCTAATT	CCTTTTCCAACTTTCGCTTA
Indel 3257054	GATAAGCATTCGACGTAGGC	GGTCATCCTCTAGGCAGCAT
Indel 3278372	ATTAGCGGAAAGATTATGAG	GAGTCACCTTTGATGTCTCA
Indel 3279258	GGAGGATAAATACCCAAACT	TACATTACCACCATTCCAAA
Indel 3478990	TGGTCGCTTGTATCCTGTTT	CTTATGTATGCCTATGTGAT
Indel 3680002	AAAACACGGTTAAACCACAT	GACGACAAGCGTACACTCAC
Indel 3724121	AGGTCCTTCCTATCACGATT	GAGGGTCTCACATTGCATAA
Indel 5674271	ACCCGACGTTTTAGTCCTTA	CACCCCGAACCATATCTTAT

引物名称 Primer name	正向引物序列(5'—3') Forward primer(5'—3')	反向引物序列(5'—3') Reverse primer(5'—3')
Indel 1434239	AAAGGCGTAGTTTTCATAGT	TTGTGCAAAATCACCTTCAA
Indel 1447763	AGATGAGCTAAGGCCCAACA	TTACTGTGCCGAATGGTTTG
Indel 1476103	CACTTTCTGCTTACACCCAT	CCTCCGCTGTTTCTTCCTTC
Indel 2024961	AGTTGAAGAAGTGCTTGCTG	ATTGGTAGGAGACCTTTTGG
Indel 2124842	AATTAAATCAGCCACCACTA	CACAGTTCTACAACGGCAAG
Indel 2737845	ATGCACATCACCCCAAACAA	TATTAGTAACGGGTTAGATT
Indel 2864940	CATGTCACAGGGGATGTAGG	CTCGCAATTTATTTCTAAGGAT
Indel 2884389	CACGGCTGAAGATAGCATTT	AAGGGTCTCATACATTACAT
Indel 3157329	ACAAGAACCCCACCACATCA	TGCGAAGAAAACAAACAGAACA
Indel 3248462	AAGTCCCACATCGGCTAATT	CCTTTTCCAACTTTCGCTTA
Indel 3257054	GATAAGCATTCGACGTAGGC	GGTCATCCTCTAGGCAGCAT
Indel 3278372	ATTAGCGGAAAGATTATGAG	GAGTCACCTTTGATGTCTCA
Indel 3279258	GGAGGATAAATACCCAAACT	TACATTACCACCATTCCAAA
Indel 3478990	TGGTCGCTTGTATCCTGTTT	CTTATGTATGCCTATGTGAT
Indel 3680002	AAAACACGGTTAAACCACAT	GACGACAAGCGTACACTCAC
Indel 3724121	AGGTCCTTCCTATCACGATT	GAGGGTCTCACATTGCATAA
Indel 5674271	ACCCGACGTTTTAGTCCTTA	CACCCCGAACCATATCTTAT

世代或组合 Generation & Combination	有壳株数 Number of hull seed	无壳株数 Number of hull-less seed	比例 Separate ratio	χ²值 χ² value
P₁(17pu10)	30	0
P₂(17pu08)	0	30
F₁(P₁×P₂)	48	0
F₂(F₁×F₁)	37	15	2.5∶1.0	0.23
BC₁(F₁×P₂)	159	181	1.00∶1.14	0.72

世代或组合 Generation & Combination	有壳株数 Number of hull seed	无壳株数 Number of hull-less seed	比例 Separate ratio	χ²值 χ² value
P₁(17pu10)	30	0
P₂(17pu08)	0	30
F₁(P₁×P₂)	48	0
F₂(F₁×F₁)	37	15	2.5∶1.0	0.23
BC₁(F₁×P₂)	159	181	1.00∶1.14	0.72

样品编号 Sample ID	原始测序数据量/Gb Amount of raw sequencing data	有效数据的数据量/Gb Amount of valid sequencing data	有效reads 所占比例/% Account for valid reads	质量值大于等于20的碱基所占比例(Q20)/% Account for quality values greater than or equal to 20 bases	质量值大于等于 30的碱基所占比例(Q30)/% Account for quality values greater than or equal to 30 bases	GC含量/% GC content
Hull mix	10.67	9.05	84.76	94.27	89.18	38.86
Hull-less mix	10.95	8.61	78.61	93.37	87.85	38.81
P₁	7.60	5.94	78.24	92.86	87.46	40.72
P₂	7.03	5.95	84.66	94.11	89.14	40.56

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西葫芦种子无壳性状遗传分析及无壳基因Cphl初步定位

Genetic Analysis and Preliminary Mapping of Seed Hull-less Gene Cphl in Zucchini

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基因 Gene	注释 Note	起始/bp Start	终止/bp End	功能 Function
Cp4.1LG12g04350	NAC结构域蛋白	3 411 999	3 413 380	植物型次生细胞壁生物合成
Cp4.1LG12g04370	蛋白质结构域	3 406 540	3 408 651	植物型细胞壁组织或生物发生
Cp4.1LG12g04380	基本螺旋-环-螺旋(BHLH)家族转录因子	3 393 961	3 396 917	次生细胞壁生物合成的调控
Cp4.1LG12g04400	生长素响应家族蛋白	3 679 140	3 679 442	细胞壁组织或生物发生

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西葫芦种子无壳性状遗传分析及无壳基因Cphl初步定位

Genetic Analysis and Preliminary Mapping of Seed Hull-less Gene Cphl in Zucchini

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