摘要： 研究叶面喷施不同浓度外源硒对生菜生长特性、品质、养分吸收和硒含量的影响，为富硒蔬菜生产合理施硒提供理论依据和技术指导。以芳妮为试验材料，采用大田试验，设置6个处理（0，0.5，1.0，1.5，2.0，2.5 mg/L Se），于生菜定植后第15，25天叶面喷施，研究硒对植株生长、品质、养分含量和硒转化率的影响。结果表明，当硒浓度小于1.5 mg/L时，促进生菜的生长，产量增加；当硒浓度大于2.0 mg/L，抑制了生菜的生长，产量降低。叶面喷施外源硒增加了生菜地上部可溶性总糖和总酚含量；低浓度外源硒（Se≤1.5 mg/L）增加了粗纤维和维生素C含量，而高浓度硒（Se≥2.0 mg/L）降低了其含量；类黄酮表现出先下降后升高的趋势。生菜地上部分N、Ca、Zn含量随着喷施外源硒浓度的增加表现出先升后降的趋势；随喷施硒浓度的增加，Mg含量增加，而P、K、S含量表现出下降趋势；低浓度硒降低了生菜地上部Fe元素的含量，但随着喷施硒浓度的增加地上部的含量明显增加。生菜地下部N、S元素的含量随叶面喷施浓度的增加而增加；P、Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn含量表现出下降趋势；适量硒浓度（Se≤1.5 mg/L）增加生菜地下部K元素的含量，高浓度则降低了其含量。生菜地上部硒的含量以有机态硒为主，有机硒转化率均在80%以上。因此，喷施硒浓度为1.5 mg/L对生菜产量提高、品质改善和养分吸收具有显著促进作用，也有利于富硒功能蔬菜的生产。

关键词: 生菜, 亚硒酸盐, 生长, 养分吸收, 硒转化率

Abstract: To study the effects of different concentrations of exogenous selenium on growth characteristics,quality,nutrient absorption and selenium content of lettuce,so as to provide theoretical basis and technical guidance for the production of selenium rich vegetables. Six treatments(0,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5 mg/L Se)were used o study the effects of selenium on plant growth,quality,nutrient content and selenium conversion rate. The results showed that when the concentration of selenium was less than 1.5 mg/L,it could promote the growth of lettuce and increase its yield;when the concentration of selenium was more than 2.0 mg/L,it could inhibit the growth of lettuce and decreases its yield. The content of total soluble sugar and total phenol in lettuce was increased by spraying exogenous selenium on the leaf;the content of crude fiber and vitamin C was increased by low concentration of exogenous selenium(Se ≤ 1.5 mg/L),but decreased by high concentration of selenium(Se ≥ 2.0 mg/L);flavonoids showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing. The content of N,Ca,Zn in the aboveground part of lettuce increased first and decreased with the increase of the concentration of exogenous selenium;the content of Mg increased with the increase of the concentration of selenium,while the content of P,K,S decreased;the content of Fe in the aboveground part of lettuce decreased with the increase of the concentration of selenium,but the content of Fe in the aboveground part increased obviously. The content of N and S elements in the underground part of lettuce increased with the increase of foliar spraying concentration;the content of P,Ca,Mg,Fe and Zn showed a downward trend;the content of K elements in the underground part of lettuce increased with appropriate selenium concentration(Se ≤ 1.5 mg/L),and decreased with high concentration. The content of selenium in lettuce is mainly organic selenium,and the conversion rate of organic selenium is more than 80%. Therefore,spraying 1.5 mg/L of selenium can improve the yield,quality and nutrient absorption of lettuce,and is also conducive to the production of selenium rich functional vegetables.

Key words: Lettuce, Selenite, Growth, Nutrient absorption, Selenium conversion

中图分类号: 

• S515

• S143.7