不同水分胁迫和氮素形态对水稻生长及木质部液流离子含量的影响

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20191601

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究木质部液流离子含量调控水稻水分胁迫响应的机制，以水稻品种恒丰优华占为材料，设置非水分胁迫（-PEG）、局部根系水分胁迫（PRD）、全根水分胁迫（+PEG）3种水分条件和铵、硝配比为50/50，100/0，0/100 3个氮素形态，采用PEG模拟水分胁迫的室内全根和分根营养液培养方法，研究不同水分和氮素处理植株干质量、叶绿素含量、木质部液流中K⁺、Ca²⁺和水溶性磷的变化规律。结果表明，处理5 d后，与-PEG条件相比，+PEG条件下各处理植株干质量显著下降，其中氮素形态为0/100处理下降最多，达到18.09%；PRD条件下各处理干质量下降较小，氮素形态为100/0处理仅下降了3.72%。在不同水分条件下，-PEG条件各处理的叶绿素含量最大，+PEG条件处理的最小，3种水分条件下均以100/0处理的最大，0/100处理的最小，其中处理5达到处理6的1.66倍，处理8达到处理9的2.42倍。处理5 d后，各处理植株的木质部液流钾离子含量和钙离子含量均增加，并且水分胁迫条件的处理均超过非水分胁迫条件的处理，但钾离子以+PEG条件的处理为最大，处理9比处理3提高5.48%，而钙离子则以PRD条件的处理为最大，处理4比处理1增加7.04%，在相同水分条件下，不同氮形态处理之间的钾离子及钙离子含量差异不显著。处理5 d后，试验各处理的木质部液流水溶性磷含量均下降，但-PEG条件的处理下降不显著，+PEG条件和PRD条件的处理下降显著，其中+PEG条件的处理平均下降了14.6%，+PEG和PRD 2种水分胁迫条件下均以50/50处理的降幅最小，0/100处理的降幅最大。这些结果说明，木质部液流中K⁺和Ca²⁺等参与了水稻水分胁迫响应过程。

关键词: 水稻, 局部根系水分胁迫, 氮素形态, 木质部液流离子含量

Abstract: To reveal the response mechanism of rice to water stress based on the regulation of xylem flow ions, a whole root and split root hydroponic experiment simulated by PEG was conducted using rice variety Hengfengyouhuazhan as material.The trials had three water conditions:non-water stress(-PEG),partial root drying(PRD),and all root water stress(+PEG),and three levels of nitrogen forms:NH₄⁺-N/NO₃^--N of 50/50,100/0, 0/100,and dry weight,content of chlorophyll and xylem sap ion of rice were determined.The results showed that the dry weight of+PEG plants declined remarkably compared to-PEG plants after 5 days treatment with water stress and nitrogen forms, in which, 0/100 treatment had the biggest drop by 18.09%. However, under PRD condition, the dry weight of plants decreased relatively little, and 100/0 treatment decreased only by 3.72%. Under different water conditions, the chlorophyll content of-PEG condition plants was the largest, and that of+PEG condition plants was the smallest, Under three water conditions, 100/0 treatment had the largest chlorophyll content, and 0/100 treatment had the smallest,among them, treatment 5 was 1.66 times of treatment 6, treatment 8 was 2.42 times of treatment 9. After 5 days of treatment, the contents of K⁺ and Ca²⁺ in xylem sap of all treatments were increased, and the treatments under water stress were more than those under non water stress conditions. However, the K⁺ content was the highest in+PEG treatment, treatment 9 was 5.48% higher than treatment 3,while the Ca²⁺ content was the highest in PRD treatment, treatment 4 increased by 7.04% compared with treatment 1. Under the same water condition, there was no significant difference in the contents of K⁺ and Ca²⁺ among different nitrogen forms. After 5 days of treatment, the water-soluble phosphorus content in xylem sap of all treatments decreased, but the decrease was not significant in-PEG treatment, significant in+PEG and PRD treatment, among which+PEG treatment decreased by 14.6% on average, under both+PEG and PRD water stress conditions, 50/50 treatment had the smallest reduction, and the 0/100 treatment had the largest reduction. These results indicated that, K⁺ and Ca²⁺ in xylem sap were involved in rice water stress response.

Key words: Rice, Partial root drying, Nitrogen form, Xylem sap ion content

中图分类号:

S143.1

高志红, 林浴霞, 张宇鹏, 梁嘉莉, 罗文军, 陈晓远. 不同水分胁迫和氮素形态对水稻生长及木质部液流离子含量的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2021, 36(2): 146-153. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20191601.

GAO Zhihong, LIN Yuxia, ZHANG Yupeng, LIANG Jiali, LUO Wenjun, CHEN Xiaoyuan. Growth and Ion Content in Rice Seedling Xylem Sap under Different Water Stresses and Nitrogen Forms[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2021, 36(2): 146-153. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20191601.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2021/V36/I2/146

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