摘要： 冬小麦全生育期设计人工灌溉1~6次水的6种处理和对照(不灌水)进行对比试验,结果表明:有效穗数和株高与灌水次数成正相关,而小穗数、穗粒数、穗粒重以灌4水处理最多(大),凸显出穗大粒多的产量优势;处理间产量呈"S"型曲线变化,灌水效率、水分利用效率呈抛物线型变化。分析不同灌水次数冬小麦的灌水效率和水分利用效率认为,华北平原冬小麦全生育期合理调配灌水期,推行3~4水的灌溉制度,亦即在自然降水偏多年份灌3水,正常偏少年份灌4水,就可实现高产高效的生产目的。

关键词: 冬小麦, 灌溉, 水分利用效率, 产量, 穗数和穗粒重

Abstract: Comparative experimentations about different irrigation schedule have been practiced in northern China on winter wheat at wholly growth stages.In a field study,irrigation was designed from one time to six times and a control without irrigation.The main results are: There is a positive correlation between the number of valid panicles and the times of irrigations.The maximums of the number of panicles,kernel number per panicle and kernel weight all came forth the crops which were irrigated four times.The relationship between grain yield and the irrigation times was like an S-curve,but the relationship between water use efficiency(WUE) and the irrigation times was like a parabolic curve.For the purpose of high yields and the elevation of WUE,from the analysis about irrigation efficiency and WUE,the optimize irrigation schedule are the irrigation three times at less precipitation year or four times at more precipitation year on winter wheat at wholly growth stages in North China Plain.

Key words: Winter wheat, Irrigation, Water use efficiency, Grain yield, Kernel number per panicle and kernel weight

中图分类号: 

• S155.4+4