摘要： 以贵州优质高产玉米PZH-15为材料,通过大田试验,研究分析了免耕、秸秆覆盖翻耕和覆膜翻耕3种耕作方式对玉米生理特征及产量的影响。结果表明:在相同的肥料用量条件下,秸秆覆盖和薄膜覆膜对玉米生长发育具有良好的促进作用,能显著增加玉米叶片叶绿素含量和光合势,增强叶片硝酸还原酶活性和根系活力,同时玉米叶片硝酸还原酶活性、叶绿素含量、根系活力等与最终籽粒产量呈正相关;秸秆覆盖比免耕全生育期平均单株干物质积累量增加7.1%,籽粒产量增加15.3%,薄膜覆膜分别比免耕和翻耕残茬覆盖全生育期平均单株干物质积累量增加20.1%和12.1%,最终籽粒产量增加26.8%和10.1%,差异显著。

关键词: 耕作方式, 喀斯特山区, 玉米, 生理特征, 产量

Abstract: Taking PZH-15 which is high quality in Guizhou as the material, studied and analyzed the effects of differentcultivation ways such as no-ploughed, plough and covered with straws, plough and covered with film on physiologicalcharacteristic and yield of maize.The results showed:Under the same fertilizer consumption, covered with straw and coveredwith film can increase the chlorophyll content and total leer area duration of the maize, can improve leaf nitrate reeducatesactivity, Photosynthesis and roots vigor, and the nitrate reeducates activity, the chlorophyll content and the roots vigorpresent positive correlation with yield. Meanwhile, average dry matter accumulation of straw-covered increased 7.1%than this of no-ploughed, yield increased 15.3%. The average dry matter accumulation of film-covered increased 20.1%than which of no-ploughed and 12.1% than which of plough and covered with straws. And yield increased 26.8% and10??1%, notable differences.

Key words: Cultivation way, Karsts mountainous areas, Maize, Physiological characteristic, Yield

中图分类号: 

• S513