华北农学报

所属专题: 玉米

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充足灌水条件下不同年代玉米品种干物质积累与分配规律的研究

修文雯1, 陈传晓1, 田晓东1, 刘鑫1, 张怡明1, 李少昆2, 张凤路1   

  1. 1. 河北省作物生长调控实验室河北农业大学农学院, 河北 保定 071001;
    2. 中国农业科学院作物所, 北京 100081
  • 收稿日期:2012-07-30 出版日期:2012-12-31
  • 通讯作者: 张凤路(1965 - ), 男, 河北临城人, 教授, 博士生导师, 主要从事作物栽培生理研究。
  • 作者简介:修文雯(1986 - ), 女, 山东海阳人, 硕士研究生, 主要从事作物栽培生理研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重大基础研究项目(2009CB118601);“十二五”国家粮食丰产科技工程河北省项目(2011BAD16B08);国家自然科学基金项目(31071362);河北省自然科学基金项目(C2008000257)

Accumulation and Distribution of Dry Matter under the Conditions of Saturated Irrigation in Maize Varieties Released in Different Eras

XIU Wen-wen1, CHEN Chuan-xiao1, TIAN Xiao-dong1, LIU Xin1, ZHANG Yi-ming1, LI Shao-kun2, ZHANG Feng-lu1   

  1. 1. Key laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of Hebei Province,College of Agronomy,Agricultural University of Hebei,Baoding 071001,China;
    2. Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Beijing 100081,China
  • Received:2012-07-30 Published:2012-12-31

摘要: 试验于2010-2011年在河北农业大学温室内进行。以我国20世纪50年代以来6个玉米主推品种-白鹤、吉单101、中单2号、掖单13、郑单958和先玉335为材料,在充足灌水条件下,研究了玉米品种更替过程中成熟期单株干物质积累与分配的演变特征。结果表明:当代紧凑型品种叶片功能期长,干物质积累总量较大;随品种年代的递进,玉米单株光合产物转移率逐渐提高、果穗干物量和分配比例逐渐增加;1950-1980年品种单株根系质量逐渐增大,但1980年后品种根系质量趋向于减小。相对较小的根系减少了冗余生长,降低了光合产物的消耗。与早期品种相比,当代品种具有较大的叶面积指数和较少的冗余消耗,因而收获指数提高。本研究对探明当代品种的增产机理和实现玉米生产的优质、高产、高效具有重要意义。

关键词: 玉米, 干物质积累与分配, 不同年代品种, 根冠比

Abstract: Experiment was conducted in glasshouse in Agricultural University of Hebei during 2010 - 2011 .The characters of dry matter accumulation and distribution of varieties from different eras were studied under saturated irrigation conditions, with 6 maize cultivars released from 1950s Baihe, Jidan 101 , Zongdan 2, Yedan 13 ,Zhengdan 958 and Xianyu 335. The result showed that: Modern varieties had higher dry matter accumulation due totheir late leaf senescence. With the replacement of varieties, translocation of photosynthate was increased and dryweight and allocation proportion of ear in maturing stage was also gradually increased. Root weight increased from1950s to 1980s but decreased for modern maize varieties. Relative small root decreased the root redundancy andlowered the photosynthate consumption on roots. Compared with the early varieties the modern maize possess highLAI and lower redundancy waste so the high harvest index was reached, The study is of great importance in makingclear the mechanism of the high yielding for modern maize and realizing good quality, high yield and high efficiencyof maize production.

Key words: Maize, Accumulation and distribution of dry matters, Varieties of different eras, Root-shoot ratio

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引用本文

XIU Wen-wen, CHEN Chuan-xiao, TIAN Xiao-dong, LIU Xin, ZHANG Yi-ming, LI Shao-kun, ZHANG Feng-lu. Accumulation and Distribution of Dry Matter under the Conditions of Saturated Irrigation in Maize Varieties Released in Different Eras[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7091.2012.z1.035.

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