摘要： 为寻找合理的旧膜再利用种植方式,有效发挥旧膜覆盖的保水保墒作用,2010-2011年在河套地区进行了旧膜上种植(JS)、旧膜间种植(JJ)及露地种植(W)向日葵对土壤水分变化和产量的影响对比试验。结果表明,两年内,JS和JJ整个生育期0～40 cm土层含水量均显著高于W(P<0.05),40～100 cm土层含水量高于W,差异不显著。在0～40 cm土层,旧膜能有效抑制土壤水分蒸发,提高作物的水分利用率,JS和JJ的籽粒产量和籽粒水分利用效率要显著高于W,其中以JJ的效果最为显著。JJ籽粒产量较JS和W分别增加了1.34%,12.92%,0.88%,17.82%。说明旧膜仍有利用价值,而且以JJ效果最好。

关键词: 旧膜再利用, 向日葵, 产量, 水分利用效率

Abstract: Aiming at finding best planting patterns mulching with re-used plastic film， the study investigated the effects of re-used plastic film mulching under different planting patterns( mulching on lines( JS) and mulching under lines( JJ) ) on sunflower's yield and water use efficiency by compared with bare field in Hetao area，China． The results showed that，both planting patterns with re-used film mulching could increased soil water at different degree． Compared with bare field， soil moisture of re-used film was higher significantly in 0-40 cm，and no significant in 40-100 cm． Meanwhile， the grain yield and water use efficiency( WUE) of re-used film were higher significantly than that of bare field in 0-40 cm，especially the grain yield of JJ were higher significantly than that of bare field 12． 92% in 2010 and 17． 82% in 2011， than that of JS 1． 34% in 2010 and 0． 88% in 2011，but no significant． So it was worth to apply re-used film to agriculture production for improving the soil moisture，enhancing water use efficiency and increasing the yield of sunflower． At the same time，especially，we suggest that the application of re-used film mulching on the lines as a suitable soil management practice increase soil water and WUE in Hetao area or other areas with similar conditions．

Key words: Re-used plastic film mulching, Sunflower, Yield, Water use efficiency( WUE)

中图分类号: 

• S565.5