摘要： 以6个水稻品种为试验材料,在田间生长状态下灌溉NaCl配制的水溶液进行盐胁迫,于孕穗期取样分析Na+、K+、Ca²+的吸收规律和剑叶的形态及蒸腾特性,并分析与品种耐盐性的关系。结果表明,6个品种的耐盐性按耐盐系数高低依次为:龙稻5>长白10>松粳12>东农425>牡丹江26>牡丹江30。盐胁迫后水稻植株Na+含量增加,K+含量减少,耐盐品种地上部Na+积累量较少,根中较多,耐盐品种地上部K+积累多,根中差异不明显;Ca²+大多集中在根部,胁迫后耐盐品种在根部变化不明显,敏感品种下降较多。盐胁迫下,供试品种的剑叶长、剑叶宽和剑叶面积处理与对照的差异均达显著或极显著水平,耐盐品种剑叶受损较轻;部分品种的剑叶在胁迫后发生卷曲,部分品种由卷曲变为平展,耐盐品种的卷曲度要小于盐敏感品种。叶绿素含量相对值随品种耐盐性的降低逐渐降低,差异达显著或极显著水平。盐胁迫后,耐盐品种较盐敏感品种的蒸腾速率和气孔导度高,而冠层温度则随品种耐盐性的降低而升高。孕穗期地上部K+含量相对值、剑叶宽相对值、冠层温度相对值、根Na+含量相对值、根Ca²+含量相对值、剑叶面积相对值和蒸腾速率相对值可作为水稻耐盐性筛选鉴定的指标。

关键词: 水稻, 孕穗期, 盐胁迫, 耐盐性

Abstract: The objective of our study was making clear the salt tolerance mechanism during booting stage and providing theoretical basis for selecting the salt tolerant index． 6 rice varieties were used as experimental materials． Salt stress was performed under field growth condition for irrigating water solution prepared with NaCl． Sword leaves were sampled at booting stage to analyze the uptaking rule of Na⁺,K⁺,Ca²⁺and morphology and transpiration characteristic， the relationship between salt tolerance and them was also analyzed． The result showed that the salt tolerance of 6 varieties were Longdao 5 >Changbai 10 >Songjing 12 >Dongnong 425 >Mudanjiang 26 >Mudanjiang 30 in order based on the salt tolerance coefficient． Na⁺content in rice was increased，K⁺content decreased after salt stress． For salt tolerant varieties， the accumulation of Na⁺in aerial part was less than in root，K⁺in aerial part was more and having no obvious difference in root． Ca²⁺concentrated mainly in root and had no obvious variance for salt tolerant varieties after salt stress，but decreased obviously for sensitive varieties． The difference of sword leaf length， sword leaf width and sword leaf area between treatment and control were significant and very significant，and the damage of sword leaf for salt tolerant varieties was slight． The sword leaf of some varieties tend to curl after stress and some tend to unfold from curling， the curling dimension of salt tolerant varieties was less that of salt sensitive varieties． Chlorophyll content degraded gradually following with the decreasing of variety' s salt tolerance，had the significant or very significant difference． Salt tolerant varieties had the high transpiration rate and stomatal conduct ance after salt stress，but canopy temperature stepped up following with the decreasing of variety's salt tolerance． The relative value of K⁺content in aerial part， sword leaf's width，canopy temperature，Na⁺content in root，Ca²⁺ content in root， sword leaf area and transpiration efficiency during booting stage could be the index for rice salt tolerance screening and identification．

Key words: Rice, Booting stage, Salt stress, Salt tolerance

中图分类号: 

• S511.01