摘要： 以12个爆裂玉米自交系间杂交F₁为材料，采用三倍体胚乳模型对子粒膨爆特性及穗粒重、百粒重的3类遗传效应研究结果表明，3项膨爆特性指标同时受到直接效应和母体效应2种遗传体系所控制，百粒重和穗粒重由3套遗传体系所决定。穗粒重、百粒重、爆花率和膨化体积以普通直接遗传率为最主要分量，膨化倍数的普通母体遗传率最高。各自交系的直接加性效应和母体加性效应的显著性不同，要注意不同自交系的恰当组配。

关键词: 爆裂玉米, 产量, 膨爆特性, 遗传效应

Abstract: Genetic effects were analyzed by genetic model for triploid endosperm plant seeds using the F₁ crosses of 12 popcorn inbreds.The result showed that the 3 popping characteristics were controlled by two genetic systems,including direct and maternal effect.The additive effect was the most important genetic effect for all characters,but non additive effects were also important.100-kernel weight and kernel weight per ear were controlled by all the three genetic systems.The normal direct heritability of 100-kernel weight,kernel weight per ear and popping volume were the most important factors.The normal maternal heritability of expansion fold was the highest.The direct additive effects and maternal additive effects were different among all inbred lines,so to make elite popcorn inbreds,good inbreds must be selected first and proper crossing must be considered at the same time.

Key words: Popcorn, Yield trait, Popping characteristic, Genetic effect

中图分类号: 

• S513.01