摘要： 采用相关和回归分析，研究了黄淮冬麦区超高产小麦品种的产量结构及其相互间的关系.结果表明：多穗型品种要实现超高产必须三要素协调，在保证足够穗数的前提下，提高穗粒数和千粒重，其最佳产量结构为穗数6.806×106穗/hm2左右，穗粒数38.16粒左右，千粒重40.34g左右；大穗型品种实现超高产的关键是提高穗粒数和千粒重，其最佳产量结构为穗数4.676×106穗/hm2左右，穗粒数49.73粒左右，千粒重49.38g左右。

关键词: 小麦, 超高产, 产量, 产量构成, 品种选育

Abstract: Correlation and regression analysis were used to study the yield st ructure of super-highyield winter wheat cultivars in Huang-huai winter wheat region and their interrelations. The results showed that for multiple-spike varieties the number of spikes per hectare, the number of kernels per spike and 1000-kernelcs weight should be harmonized to achieve super-high-y ielding, the optimum yield structure was 680.64×10⁴ spikes/ha, 38.16 kernels/spike, 40.34g/1000-kernel and that for big-spike varieties, the key is to increase the number of kernels per spike and 1000-kernelcs weight, the optimum yield structure was 467.6×10⁴ spikes/ha, 49.73 kernels/ spike, 49.38 g/1000-kernels. Finally, breeding super-hig h-yielding wheat cultivars was also discussed.

Key words: Wheat, Super-high-yield, Yield, Yield structure, Variety breeding

中图分类号: 

• S12