摘要： 对8个陆地棉（G.hirsutum L.）杂种及其亲本的四种生理生化指标进行了测定，并研究了这些指标与杂种产量优势的相关性，结果表明：幼芽匀浆互补法对F₁皮棉超亲优势、中亲优势的预测相符率分别为87.5%和75.0%;杂种萌动种子ATP含量普遍高于双亲平均值。超亲优势、中亲优势与杂种ATP含量及双亲ATP含量的平均值均呈正相关，且中亲优势与杂种ATP含量相关显着(r=0.7188,P<0.05)；杂种产量优势与盛蕾期、盛花期的叶绿素a含量及双亲叶绿素a含量的平均值无规律性相关，但蕾期杂种的叶绿素含量均高于双亲，而花期则不表现出此规律性；杂种种子全磷含量普遍高于双亲平均值。超亲优势与杂种全磷含量及双亲含量的平均值均呈负相关，且与杂种全磷含量相关显着(r=0.8122,P<0.05).中亲优势与杂种全磷含量和双亲含量的平均值相关不明显。

关键词: 棉花, 杂种优势, 生理生化, 相关

Abstract: Four physiological and biochemical indexes of eight cotton hybrids and their parents (G. hirsutum L.)were determined and the correlations between the indexes and the hybrids yield heterosis were studied. The results showed that:1. The prediction probability for super-parent heterosis and mid-parent heterosis of F₁ lint yield with the method of homogenated parent seedlings was respectively 87.5%and 75.0%. 2. ATP content in the germinating hybrid seeds was higher than the average of that in their parent seeds. There were positive correlations between super-parent and mid-parent heterosis of yield and ATP content in the hybrids and ATP content mean in their parents,but there was significantly positive correlation(r=0. 7188,P<0.05)between mid-parent heterosis and ATP content in the hybrid seeds. 3. There was irregular correlation between lint yield heterosis and hybrid chlorophyll a content and their parents' chlorophyll a content mean at the flourishing bud and flower stages,but hybrid chlorophyll content at flourishing bud stage was higher than that of their parents' and not at flourishing flower stage. ". Total P content of hybrids was higher than that of their parents' mean. There were negative correltations between super-parent heterosis of yield and total P content of hybrids and total P content mean of their parents. There was significantly negative correlation(r=一0. 8122,P<0. 05) between super-parent heterosis and total P content of hybrids. There was no significant correlation between mid-parent heterosis and total P content of hybrids and the average of their parents.

Key words: Cotton, Heterosis, Physiological and biochemical index, Correlation

中图分类号: 

• S562.01