摘要： 研究了黄淮麦区具有不同产量潜力水平的小麦品种的产量结构及其相关生理基础。结果表明，随着小麦品种由低产型向高产型转变，每穗粒重，每穗粒数，千粒重，收获指数，生物产量均有所增加，其中以收获指数和每穗粒重所起的作用最大；在生理特征上，干物重呈现出拔节期递增、开花期递减、成熟期又表现递增的“N”型变化曲线，相对生长率的变化也呈同一趋势。旗叶净光合强度及叶绿素含量均呈递增趋势。开花期叶面积指数（LAI）则呈低产类型品种最低，中产品种最高，高产品种有所下降的抛物线型，但高产品种后期（灌浆中期）则又呈递增。高产类型品种的植株伤流量也有所增加。根据以上结果，对高产品种具有的生理基础进行了讨论。

关键词: 小麦, 产量结构, 生理基础

Abstract: Thirty-four winter wheat cultivars with diversified yield potentials released in different periods in Huang-Huai winter wheat region were used to study the changes of yield structures and associated physiological basis following the increase of yield. The results showed that along with the change of cultivar types from low yielding to high yielding,the grain weight/spike, grain numbers/spike,1000 grain weight,harvest index and yield of biomass all had some increase,but the grain weight/spike and harvest index increased much greater. For the physiological measurements,the dry matter weight showed "N" changing curve,that is,increased at jointing stage,decreased at flowering stage and increased again at ripening stage. The RGR

Key words: Winter wheat, Yield structure, Physiological basis

中图分类号: 

• S512.101