摘要： 研究了玉米8个亚种，2个亚型的核型。所有材料的根尖细胞染色体数目均为2n=20，主要由中部和近中部着丝点染色体组成，第6对染色体短臂均具随体，但臂比值不同，可区分为A1（m染色体）、A2（sm）、A3（st）三类。在核型中具中部着丝点染色体的数目，罕见栽培或原始类型多于广泛栽培的类型。玉米各亚种的核型进化的趋势是由对称向不对称方向发展。

关键词: 玉米, 亚种, 核型, 进化

Abstract: The karyotypes of 8 subspecies and 2 subtypes in maize is reported. The chromosome number of all experimental materials is 2n= 20. They are composed of metacetric and submetacentric chromosomes, and the satellites are in the short arms of 6th chromosomes,but different samples are not the same in their arm ratio,which can be divided into 3 types, i. e. A, (m-chroromosomes), A2 (sin) and A3 (st). The metacentic chromosomes in karyotypes, as a rule, are found more in rarely cultivated or primitive types than in commonly cultivated ones. The karyotype evolution of various types in maize is basically interrelated to the devoloping trend from symmetric to asymmetric.

Key words: Zea mays L, Subspecies, Karyotype, Evolution

中图分类号: 

• S513.01