摘要： 对影响玉米花药培养的几个因素及再生植株的倍性鉴定的结果表明、基因型是影响玉米花培效果的重要因素，杂交种的花培效果好于不稳定系，不稳定系又好于自交系。N₆与正₁₄两种培养基都适于花药培养，但正₁₄培养基优于N₆培养基。特别是液体培养基效果更好。花药接种的适宜时期为单核中期和后期。单核后期又稍好于单核中期，单核早期的花药不能诱导愈伤组织。单倍体与二倍体花粉植株之间叶片气孔保卫细胞长度差异极显著，长度小于29μm的为单倍体。大于29μm的为二倍体或多倍体。鉴定的准确性可达到95%。因此可利用测量气孔保卫细胞长度的方法鉴定花粉植株的倍性。

关键词: 玉米, 花药培养, 再生植株, 倍性, 气孔保卫细胞

Abstract: Some factors influencing on corn anther culture and the ploidy identification of regenerated plants of corn were studied.The results indicated that genotype was the main influencing factor.The response of anther culture in the unstable line was not as good as in the hybrid,but was better than in the self- line.Both N6 and Zheng14 media were suitable for corn anther culture.The liquid medium was better than the solid medium.The inoculating period of anther was either the mid or the late stages of the uninucleate microspore.The late stage was better than the mid stage.Calli could not be induced at the early stage of the uninucleate microspore.The difference in length of the stoma guard cell reached the highly significant level between diploid and haploid regenerated plants.These plants with stoma guard cells shorter than 29 μm were haploid ones,and those with stoma quard cells longer than 29μm were diploid or polyploid ones.The accuracy reached 95%.The method for measurement of the length of stoma guard cell could be used to identify ploidy.

Key words: Corn, Anther culture, Ploidy, Regenerated plants, Stoma quard cell