摘要： 为了研究冬小麦杂种后代灌浆速度遗传规律，我们从三个角度，十五种双亲灌速组合类型，分析了灌浆速度的遗传特点和遗传参数、不同双亲灌速组合类型对后代灌速的影响及其亲子关系密切程度；同时还对灌速进行了通径分析。结果表明，灌速为数量性状、不完全显性，呈现细胞核遗传和明显的“倾快”现象。后代灌速受双亲灌速共同作用，其中快亲起主导作用，慢亲也有一定的制约作用。双亲差异愈小，亲子关系愈密切；其中双亲灌速平均值与后代的关系皆比母与子、父与子密切：而父与子较母与子关系密切。灌速遗传力较高，在早代进行个体定向选择，可望获得较好的选择效果。欲提高灌速，要注重千粒重、功能叶面积、株粒重的选择，同时兼顾灌浆时间、株穗数、株粒数的选择，使其协调发展，综合提高。综合分析，以双亲灌速快，且灌速差异中等偏小，快速亲本作父本的组配形式为最好。

关键词: 冬小麦, 灌浆, 遗传规律

Abstract: In order to research the genetic law of milking speed of filial generation of winter wheat,from three angles,for fifteen kinds of composed type of two parents milking speed we analysed genetic character and genetics parameter of milking speed and influence of different composed type of two parents milking speed to their filial generation and their close degree.At the same time we also had carried out analyse of path for the milking speed.The results show that the milking speed is a quantitative character and partial dominance.It has emerged the cell nucleus inheritance and evident phenomena of"tending to fast speed parent".The milking speed of filial generation must be acted on by their two parents’milking speed.Among them,rapid speed parent would play a leading role,but the slow speed parent also would play a restrict role.The less two parents’odds,the closer offspring-parents’relationship;the relationship between midparent of two parents’milking and their posterity are the closest of female parent and the posterity or farther parent and the posterity;but the relationship between farther parent and the posterity is closer than female parent and the posterity.The heritability of milking speed is high,so we should carry out individual othoselection in early generation,we will get the better selection result.If we want to increase the milking speed,we must pay more attention to selection of thousand grain weight the area of functional leaves the grain weight of individual plant,and meanwhile we should give consideration to selection of the time of milking,the amount of head of each plant,the amount of seeds of each plant.Make them coordinate development and synthetic raise.Syntheticaly analyse:this kind composed type is the best that the milking speed of two parents are fast,and its odds is less than medium,the rapid speed parent is farther parent.

Key words: Winter wheat, Milking, Genetic law