Stem Characteristics of Super Rice Nanjing 5718 and the Molecular Mechanism of Its Lodging Resistance

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20196364

Abstract

Abstract:

The super rice variety Nanjing 5718 has been designated as a leading variety by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and has demonstrated outstanding lodging resistance in large-scale production.Studying the stem characteristics of Nanjing 5718 and elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying its lodging resistance can provide new insights for breeding lodging-resistant rice varieties.The lodging-resistant super rice Nanjing 5718 and two varieties,Nanjing 518 and Nanjing 58,with weak lodging resistance,were used as materials to compare agronomic traits,stem characteristics and their correlation with lodging resistance.The plant height and center of gravity of Nanjing 5718 were significantly lower than those of other varieties at 20 days after heading.The length of the second basal internode,stem diameter and stem wall thickness of the second and third basal internodes of Nanjing 5718 were significantly higher than other varieties at 20 days after heading.High content of cellulase and lignin in the stem was the important factor leading to strong lodging resistance.No significant differences in cellulase activity were observed in the second basal internodes among the three varieties.Compared to the other two varieties,only the pPLAⅢα,bHLH002,ILA1 and NAC5 among the 102 genes related to the cellulose and lignin biosynthetic pathways had missense mutations in their coding regions in Nanjing 5718.The relative expression levels of key cellulose biosynthesis-regulating genes,such as MYB61, SLR1,PIL13, PG3, ERF34,DPH1 and MYB7 were significantly different between Nanjing 5718 and Nanjing 58.Significant differences were also observed in the relative expression levels of some lignin metabolism genes between Nanjing 5718 and Nanjing 58:4CL3,RLM1,CYP98A4,SWN1,PAL1,and so on.The differential expression of those genes in basal internodes likely underlies the high cellulose and lignin content of stem and consequent strong lodging resistance in Nanjing 5718.In conclusion,the strong lodging resistance of the super rice variety Nanjing 5718 results from its increased internode diameter and stem wall thickness.The higher contents of cellulose and lignin in the internodes provide a structural basis for this enhanced lodging resistance.Variations in the expression of key genes involved in the cellulose and lignin biosynthesis pathways may be the primary factor contributing to the superior lodging resistance observed in Nanjing 5718.

Key words: Rice, Lodging resistance, Stem, Cellulose, Molecular mechanism

CLC Number:

SONG Yue, AN Hongqiang, CHEN Yingying, ZHAO Qingyong, LI Cheng, ZHU Zhen, LIANG Wenhua, ZHOU Lihui, ZHAO Ling, ZHU Keming, ZHANG Yadong. Stem Characteristics of Super Rice Nanjing 5718 and the Molecular Mechanism of Its Lodging Resistance[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2026, 41(4): 1-11. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20196364.

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References 46

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基因名称 Gene name	基因功能 Gene function	正向引物序列(5'—3') Forward primer sequence(5'—3')	反向引物序列(5'—3') Reverse primer sequence(5'—3')
UBQ	内参基因	CAAGATGATCTGCCGCAAATGC	TTTAACCAGTCCATGAACCCG
SLR1	阻止GA信号向下传导	GATCGTCACCGTGGTAGAGC	GAGGGAATCGAACATGGTGG
PIL13	在GA信号调节中发挥作用	GCAAACAGTGCCACCACAGG	CTAAATTCCATCAGAGGTTGG
CesA7	负责催化纤维素的合成	AAGCCATGCGGGGTCTCGTG	CATCCATCCGGTCATCCCTCTTG
MYB61	激活纤维素合成酶基因表达	ATATCTTGAGCCACTTGT	ATCCTCTTGGTGATTCAG

基因名称 Gene name	基因功能 Gene function	正向引物序列(5'—3') Forward primer sequence(5'—3')	反向引物序列(5'—3') Reverse primer sequence(5'—3')
UBQ	内参基因	CAAGATGATCTGCCGCAAATGC	TTTAACCAGTCCATGAACCCG
SLR1	阻止GA信号向下传导	GATCGTCACCGTGGTAGAGC	GAGGGAATCGAACATGGTGG
PIL13	在GA信号调节中发挥作用	GCAAACAGTGCCACCACAGG	CTAAATTCCATCAGAGGTTGG
CesA7	负责催化纤维素的合成	AAGCCATGCGGGGTCTCGTG	CATCCATCCGGTCATCCCTCTTG
MYB61	激活纤维素合成酶基因表达	ATATCTTGAGCCACTTGT	ATCCTCTTGGTGATTCAG

性状 Traits	相关系数 Correlation coefficient
株高 Plant height	-0.23
穗数 Panicles	0.19
实粒数 Filled grain number	-0.51^**
总粒数 Total grains	-0.65^**
结实率 Setting rate	0.33
千粒质量 1 000 grains weight	0.57^**
产量 Yield	0.34
重心高度 Height of center of gravity	-0.70^**
倒二节间长度 Basal second internodes length	0.83^**
倒三节间长度 Basal third internodes length	0.32
倒二节间直径 Basal second internodes diameter	0.52^**
倒二节间厚度 Basal second internodes thickness	0.22
倒三节间直径 Basal third internodes diameter	0.40^*
倒三节间厚度 Basal third internodes thickness	0.43^*

性状 Traits	相关系数 Correlation coefficient
株高 Plant height	-0.23
穗数 Panicles	0.19
实粒数 Filled grain number	-0.51^**
总粒数 Total grains	-0.65^**
结实率 Setting rate	0.33
千粒质量 1 000 grains weight	0.57^**
产量 Yield	0.34
重心高度 Height of center of gravity	-0.70^**
倒二节间长度 Basal second internodes length	0.83^**
倒三节间长度 Basal third internodes length	0.32
倒二节间直径 Basal second internodes diameter	0.52^**
倒二节间厚度 Basal second internodes thickness	0.22
倒三节间直径 Basal third internodes diameter	0.40^*
倒三节间厚度 Basal third internodes thickness	0.43^*

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