外源添加铁离子对向日葵大丽轮枝菌生物学特性及致病力的影响

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20194321

华北农学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (2): 161-167. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20194321

所属专题： 油料作物；植物保护；

• 资源环境・植物保护 • 上一篇下一篇

外源添加铁离子对向日葵大丽轮枝菌生物学特性及致病力的影响

冯伊彤¹, 贾硕¹, 刘麟¹, 杨剑锋¹, 杜磊², 张文兵¹, 石胜华³, 武占敏⁴, 张键¹, 赵君¹

¹ 内蒙古农业大学园艺与植物保护学院,内蒙古呼和浩特 010018
² 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院植物保护研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特 010031
³ 巴彦淖尔市农畜产品质量安全检测中心,内蒙古巴彦淖尔 015000
⁴ 鄂尔多斯市农牧业生态与资源保护中心,内蒙古鄂尔多斯 017000

收稿日期:2023-10-17 出版日期:2024-04-28
通讯作者:
赵君(1969—),女,内蒙古包头人,教授,博士,主要从事植物病理学研究。
赵君(1969—),女,内蒙古包头人,教授,博士,主要从事植物病理学研究。
作者简介:
冯伊彤(1997—),女,内蒙古呼和浩特人,硕士,主要从事向日葵植物病理学研究。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(31960522); 国家现代农业产业技术体系专项基金(CARS-14); 鄂尔多斯重大科技专项(2021ZD农35-1); 中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(2022ZY0075)

Effect of Exogenous Iron Ion on the Biological Characteristics and Pathogenicity of Verticillium dahliae

FENG Yitong¹, JIA Shuo¹, LIU Lin¹, YANG Jianfeng¹, DU Lei², ZHANG Wenbing¹, SHI Shenghua³, WU Zhanmin⁴, ZHANG Jian¹, ZHAO Jun¹

¹ College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018, China
² Plant Protection Institute,Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031,China
³ Bayannur Agricultural and Livestock Products Quality and Safety Testing Center, Bayannur 015000,China
⁴ Ordos City Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Ecology and Resources Protection Center,Ordos 017000,China

Received:2023-10-17 Published:2024-04-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了探究铁离子对向日葵大丽轮枝菌生物学特性及致病力的影响,在培养基中外源添加铁离子后,对大丽轮枝菌的生长速度、产孢量、微菌核数量、粗毒素分泌量、细胞壁降解酶活性以及致病力进行了测定。结果表明,外源添加不同浓度的铁离子后,菌丝的生长速度和产孢量均呈现出递增趋势,相比对照,添加80 μmol/L的铁离子后大丽轮枝菌的生长速度最快,菌落直径为68.81 mm,增长率为21.40%;产孢量为2.58×10⁷个/mL,增长率为21.13%;微菌核数量也随着外源添加铁离子浓度的增加而增多,在培养5 d后,相比对照,其涨幅为51.53%;粗毒素分泌量在添加80 μmol/L的铁离子后,增幅近1倍;细胞壁裂解酶活性随着外源铁离子浓度的增加而增强,并在80 μmol/L时达到最强。此外,随着培养基中铁离子浓度的增加,大丽轮枝菌的致病力也相应增强,表现在当外源添加的铁离子浓度由0 μmol/L增加至80 μmol/L时,病情指数由35.00提高至62.20,增长率为77.71%。综上所述,外源添加铁离子不仅能够加速大丽轮枝菌的生长,促进产孢和微菌核的形成,还能够增强大丽轮枝菌的致病力。

关键词: 向日葵, 大丽轮枝菌, 致病力, 微菌核, 铁离子

Abstract:

In order to investigate the effect of iron ions on the biological characteristics and pathogenicity of Verticillium dahliae in sunflower,the growth rate,conidial production,number of microsclerotia,crude toxin secretion,cell wall degrading enzymes activity and pathogenicity of V.dahliae were measured after the exogenous addition of iron ions to the culture medium.The results showed that the growth rate and conidial production of mycelium showed an increasing trend after adding different concentrations of iron ions in an exogenous,compared with the control,the growth rate of V.dahliae was the fastest after adding 80 μmol/L of iron ions,and the colony diameter was 68.81 mm with a growth rate of 21.40%;the conidial production was 2.58×10⁷ conidia /mL with a growth rate of 21.13%;the number of microsclerotia also increased with the increase of exogenously added iron ion concentration,and after 5 days of culture,its increase was 51.53% compared with the control.The crude toxin secretion was increased after adding 80 μmol/L of iron ions,and the increase rate was nearly doubled.The activity of cell wall lyase increased with increasing concentration of exogenous iron ions and increased at 80 μmol/L reached the strongest.In addition,the pathogenicity of V.dahliae increased accordingly with the increase in the concentration of iron ions in the medium,as shown by the increase in the disease index from 35.00 to 62.20 when the concentration of iron ions added exogenously from 0 to 80 μmol/L,with a growth rate of 77.71%.In conclusion,the exogenous addition of iron ions not only accelerates the growth of V.dahliae,and promotes conidial production and microsclerotia formation,but also enhances the pathogenicity of V.dahliae.

Key words: Sunflower, Verticillium dahliae, Pathogenicity, Microsclerotia, Iron ions

冯伊彤, 贾硕, 刘麟, 杨剑锋, 杜磊, 张文兵, 石胜华, 武占敏, 张键, 赵君. 外源添加铁离子对向日葵大丽轮枝菌生物学特性及致病力的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2024, 39(2): 161-167. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20194321.

FENG Yitong, JIA Shuo, LIU Lin, YANG Jianfeng, DU Lei, ZHANG Wenbing, SHI Shenghua, WU Zhanmin, ZHANG Jian, ZHAO Jun. Effect of Exogenous Iron Ion on the Biological Characteristics and Pathogenicity of Verticillium dahliae[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2024, 39(2): 161-167. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20194321.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2024/V39/I2/161

图/表 5

图1 外源添加铁离子对大丽轮枝菌菌落直径的影响

Fig.1 Effect of exogenous iron ions on the colony diameter of Verticillium dahliae

表1 外源添加铁离子对大丽轮枝菌菌落直径、产孢量及粗毒素分泌量的影响

Tab.1 Effect of exogenous iron ions on the colony diameter,conidial production and crude toxin secretion of Verticillium dahlia

铁离子浓度/ (μmol/L) Iron ion concentration	菌落直径/mm Colony diameter			产孢量/ (×10⁷个/mL) Conidial production	粗毒素分泌量/(mg/mL) Crude toxin secretion
铁离子浓度/ (μmol/L) Iron ion concentration	5 d	10 d	15 d	产孢量/ (×10⁷个/mL) Conidial production	粗毒素分泌量/(mg/mL) Crude toxin secretion
0	19.92±0.98e	42.11±0.61c	56.69±1.36f	2.13±0.15c	0.21±0.02g
10	22.82±1.98de	43.22±0.83ce	58.86±0.94ef	2.17±0.02c	0.23±0.01fg
20	24.19±3.60d	43.55±0.89c	60.69±0.72de	2.14±0.11bc	0.24±0.05f
30	24.87±0.96cd	45.96±1.60b	62.88±2.68cd	2.20±0.15bc	0.27±0.02e
40	25.12±3.05cd	46.02±1.38b	64.80±1.45bc	2.23±0.25bc	0.32±0.03d
50	28.24±1.58bc	48.00±0.77b	65.76±1.11b	2.45±0.25abc	0.35±0.01c
60	31.03±1.91ab	50.05±2.20a	67.12±0.14ab	2.57±0.23ab	0.37±0.03bc
70	31.55±0.98ab	51.00±0.55a	68.53±0.67a	2.48±0.07a	0.38±0.02b
80	33.02±0.48a	51.57±0.21a	68.81±0.33a	2.58±0.14a	0.41±0.02a

图2 外源添加铁离子对大丽轮枝菌微菌核数量的影响 A.大丽轮枝菌微菌核在玻璃纸上的生长情况;B.大丽轮枝菌微菌核所占玻璃纸的相对面积的统计情况。不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。图3—4同。

Fig.2 The effect of exogenous iron ions on the number of microsclerotia of Verticillium dahlia A.The growth of V.dahliae microsclerotia on glass paper;B.Statistics of the relative area of glass paper occupied by the microsclerotia of V.dahliae.Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences(P<0.05).The same as Fig.3—4.

图3 不同铁离子浓度下大丽轮枝菌细胞壁降解酶活性

Fig.3 Cell wall degrading enzymes activity of V.dahliae under different iron ion concentrations

图4 不同铁离子浓度下大丽轮枝菌的致病力 A.向日葵接种大丽轮枝菌30 d的症状;B.向日葵接种大丽轮枝菌的病情指数。

Fig.4 Pathogenicity of V.dahliae underdifferent iron ion concentrations A.Symptoms of sunflower inoculated with V.dahliae for 30 d; B.The disease index of sunflower inoculated with V.dahliae.

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外源添加铁离子对向日葵大丽轮枝菌生物学特性及致病力的影响

Effect of Exogenous Iron Ion on the Biological Characteristics and Pathogenicity of Verticillium dahliae

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外源添加铁离子对向日葵大丽轮枝菌生物学特性及致病力的影响

Effect of Exogenous Iron Ion on the Biological Characteristics and Pathogenicity of Verticillium dahliae

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