向日葵列当枯斑病病原菌的分离鉴定及致病力分化

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20192199

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了获得向日葵列当生防菌株,以田间采集的具有褐色枯斑的列当植株为样本,利用柯赫氏法则对采自内蒙古、河北和新疆共11个不同地点的29份列当枯斑病的样本进行了分离和鉴定。结果表明,新疆北屯农十师183团和188团地块及呼和浩特市武川县西海子村地块中采集的病样上分离得到尖孢镰刀菌和茄病镰刀菌;巴彦淖尔市乌拉特前旗西小召镇、五原县葵博园和临河区永利村的病样中分离得到尖孢镰刀菌和木贼镰刀菌;而乌兰察布市四子王旗公合成村和西圪旦村及化德县105省道边地块中样本中鉴定出尖孢镰刀菌、茄病镰刀菌、木贼镰刀菌和层出镰刀菌;鄂尔多斯市东胜区采集的样本中只分离得到尖孢镰刀菌;河北张家口市康保县的样本中只分离得到轮枝镰刀菌。上述分离得到的菌株在向日葵列当上回接后都能够致病的结果预示,镰刀属的真菌是引起向日葵列当枯斑病的病原菌,但尖孢镰刀菌是引起列当枯斑病的优势致病菌。致病力分化的研究结果表明,上述分离获得的镰刀菌均能够侵染向日葵和列当,但其致病力存在一定的差异,主要表现在分离寄主上的致病力强于其他寄主的特点。基于致病力分化的结果,筛选出3株具有生防潜力的尖孢镰刀菌菌株GHC 1-2、XXZ-9和HD 1-1用于防控列当对向日葵的寄生。

关键词: 向日葵列当, 列当枯斑病, 柯赫氏法则, 病原菌的分离鉴定, 交互致病力

Abstract:

In order to obtain the biocontrol strains of sunflower broomrape,this study took the occurrence of necrotic spot as samples of sunflower broomrape,and used the Koch's rule to separate and identify 29 samples of necrotic spot collected from 11 different locations in Inner Mongolia,Hebei and Xinjiang.The results showed that Fusariun oxysporum and F.solani were isolated from the disease samples collected from the 183 Regiment and 188 Regiment of Beitun Agricultural Tenth Division,Xinjiang and Xihaizi Village,Wuchuan County,Hohhot.F.oxysporum and F.equiseti were isolated from disease samples from Xixiaozhao Town,Urad Front Banner,Kuiboyuan,Wuyuan County and Yongli Village,Linhe District in Bayannur City.F.oxysporum,F.solani,F.equiseti and F.proliferatum were identified from the disease samples in the Gonghecheng Village and Xigedan Village,Siziwang Banner and a plot next to Provincial Highway 105 in Huade County.Only F.oxysporum was isolated from the samples collected in Dongsheng District,Ordos.In Kangbao County,Zhangjiakou City,Hebei Province,only F.verticillioides was isolated from samples collected.The above-mentioned isolated strains could cause disease symptoms after being re-inoculated on Helianthus angustifolia.The result indicated that the fungus of the genus Fusarium was the pathogenic fungi that caused blight in sunflower broomrape.However,F. oxysporum was the predominant pathogen of sunflower broomrape necrotic spot.The results of pathogenic differentiation studies showed that all the isolated strains were able to infect sunflower and broomrape,however,there were certain differences in their pathogenicity,which mainly exhibited stronger pathogenicity on isolated hosts than that of other host.Based on the results of pathogenicity differentiation,three strains of F.oxysporum GHC 1-2,XXZ-9 and HD 1-1 with biocontrol potential on broomrape were selected to control the parasitism of broomrape on sunflower.

Key words: Sunflower broomrape, Broomrape necrotic spot, Koch's rule, Isolation and identification of pathogenic fungi, Reciprocal pathogenicity

张键, 王娜, 刘志达, 包婷婷, 张之为, 云晓鹏, 石必显, 张恒, 陈贵红, 陈燕芳, 赵君. 向日葵列当枯斑病病原菌的分离鉴定及致病力分化[J]. 华北农学报, 2022, 37(1): 172-180. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20192199.

ZHANG Jian, WANG Na, LIU Zhida, BAO Tingting, ZHANG Zhiwei, YUN Xiaopeng, SHI Bixian, ZHANG Heng, CHEN Guihong, CHEN Yanfang, ZHAO Jun. Identification and Pathogenicity Differentiation of the Pathogens Causing Necrotic Spot on Sunflower Broomrape[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2022, 37(1): 172-180. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20192199.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2022/V37/I1/172

图/表 8

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样本编号 Sample number	采集地点 Gathering place	经纬度 Longitude and latitude	样本数量 Sample size
1	新疆北屯农十师183团	47°16'N,88°50'E	4
2	新疆北屯农十师188团	47°17'N,87°43'E	1
3	内蒙古巴彦淖尔市乌拉特前旗西小召镇	40°52'N,108°21'E	2
4	内蒙古巴彦淖尔市五原县葵博园	41°05'N,108°16'E	2
5	内蒙古巴彦淖尔市临河区永利村	41°08'N,107°30'E	1
6	内蒙古呼和浩特市武川县西海子村	41°12'N,110°45'E	8
7	内蒙古鄂尔多斯市东胜区	39°49'N,109°58'E	1
8	内蒙古乌兰察布市四子王旗公合成村	41°48'N,111°37'E	4
9	内蒙古乌兰察布市四子王旗西圪旦村	41°36'N,111°57'E	3
10	内蒙古乌兰察布市化德县105省道边	42°01'N,114°17'E	2
11	河北张家口市康保县	41°51'N,114°36'E	1

样本编号 Sample number	采集地点 Gathering place	经纬度 Longitude and latitude	样本数量 Sample size
1	新疆北屯农十师183团	47°16'N,88°50'E	4
2	新疆北屯农十师188团	47°17'N,87°43'E	1
3	内蒙古巴彦淖尔市乌拉特前旗西小召镇	40°52'N,108°21'E	2
4	内蒙古巴彦淖尔市五原县葵博园	41°05'N,108°16'E	2
5	内蒙古巴彦淖尔市临河区永利村	41°08'N,107°30'E	1
6	内蒙古呼和浩特市武川县西海子村	41°12'N,110°45'E	8
7	内蒙古鄂尔多斯市东胜区	39°49'N,109°58'E	1
8	内蒙古乌兰察布市四子王旗公合成村	41°48'N,111°37'E	4
9	内蒙古乌兰察布市四子王旗西圪旦村	41°36'N,111°57'E	3
10	内蒙古乌兰察布市化德县105省道边	42°01'N,114°17'E	2
11	河北张家口市康保县	41°51'N,114°36'E	1

菌株编号 Strain number	采集地点 Gathering place	比对结果 Blast result
183 1-1	新疆北屯农十师183团	尖孢镰刀菌
183 1-2	新疆北屯农十师183团	尖孢镰刀菌
183 2-1	新疆北屯农十师183团	尖孢镰刀菌
183 2-4	新疆北屯农十师183团	茄病镰刀菌
188 1-2	新疆北屯农十师188团	茄病镰刀菌
GHC 1-1	内蒙古乌兰察布市四子王旗公合成村	尖孢镰刀菌
GHC 1-2	内蒙古乌兰察布市四子王旗公合成村	尖孢镰刀菌
GHC 2-2	内蒙古乌兰察布市四子王旗公合成村	茄病镰刀菌
GHC 3-1	内蒙古乌兰察布市四子王旗公合成村	尖孢镰刀菌
XHZ	内蒙古呼和浩特市武川县西海子村	茄病镰刀菌
XHZ 1-1	内蒙古呼和浩特市武川县西海子村	茄病镰刀菌
XHZ 1-2	内蒙古呼和浩特市武川县西海子村	茄病镰刀菌
XHZ 1-7	内蒙古呼和浩特市武川县西海子村	茄病镰刀菌
XHZ 3-2	内蒙古呼和浩特市武川县西海子村	尖孢镰刀菌
XHZ-10	内蒙古呼和浩特市武川县西海子村	茄病镰刀菌
XHZ-15	内蒙古呼和浩特市武川县西海子村	尖孢镰刀菌
XHZG2	内蒙古呼和浩特市武川县西海子村	尖孢镰刀菌
XXZ-9	内蒙古巴彦淖尔市乌拉特前旗西小召镇	尖孢镰刀菌
XXZ-13	内蒙古巴彦淖尔市乌拉特前旗西小召镇	尖孢镰刀菌
XGD-1	内蒙古乌兰察布市四子王旗西圪旦村	层出镰刀菌
XGD 3-10	内蒙古乌兰察布市四子王旗西圪旦村	尖孢镰刀菌
XGD 3-13	内蒙古乌兰察布市四子王旗西圪旦村	木贼镰刀菌
WYKBY-2	内蒙古巴彦淖尔市五原县葵博园	木贼镰刀菌
WYKBY-5	内蒙古巴彦淖尔市五原县葵博园	尖孢镰刀菌
HD-2	内蒙古乌兰察布市化德县105省道边	尖孢镰刀菌
HD 1-1	内蒙古乌兰察布市化德县105省道边	尖孢镰刀菌
KBX-2	河北张家口市康保县	轮枝镰刀菌
YL-1	内蒙古巴彦淖尔市临河区永利村	木贼镰刀菌
DS-11	内蒙古鄂尔多斯市东胜区	尖孢镰刀菌

菌株编号 Strain number	采集地点 Gathering place	比对结果 Blast result
183 1-1	新疆北屯农十师183团	尖孢镰刀菌
183 1-2	新疆北屯农十师183团	尖孢镰刀菌
183 2-1	新疆北屯农十师183团	尖孢镰刀菌
183 2-4	新疆北屯农十师183团	茄病镰刀菌
188 1-2	新疆北屯农十师188团	茄病镰刀菌
GHC 1-1	内蒙古乌兰察布市四子王旗公合成村	尖孢镰刀菌
GHC 1-2	内蒙古乌兰察布市四子王旗公合成村	尖孢镰刀菌
GHC 2-2	内蒙古乌兰察布市四子王旗公合成村	茄病镰刀菌
GHC 3-1	内蒙古乌兰察布市四子王旗公合成村	尖孢镰刀菌
XHZ	内蒙古呼和浩特市武川县西海子村	茄病镰刀菌
XHZ 1-1	内蒙古呼和浩特市武川县西海子村	茄病镰刀菌
XHZ 1-2	内蒙古呼和浩特市武川县西海子村	茄病镰刀菌
XHZ 1-7	内蒙古呼和浩特市武川县西海子村	茄病镰刀菌
XHZ 3-2	内蒙古呼和浩特市武川县西海子村	尖孢镰刀菌
XHZ-10	内蒙古呼和浩特市武川县西海子村	茄病镰刀菌
XHZ-15	内蒙古呼和浩特市武川县西海子村	尖孢镰刀菌
XHZG2	内蒙古呼和浩特市武川县西海子村	尖孢镰刀菌
XXZ-9	内蒙古巴彦淖尔市乌拉特前旗西小召镇	尖孢镰刀菌
XXZ-13	内蒙古巴彦淖尔市乌拉特前旗西小召镇	尖孢镰刀菌
XGD-1	内蒙古乌兰察布市四子王旗西圪旦村	层出镰刀菌
XGD 3-10	内蒙古乌兰察布市四子王旗西圪旦村	尖孢镰刀菌
XGD 3-13	内蒙古乌兰察布市四子王旗西圪旦村	木贼镰刀菌
WYKBY-2	内蒙古巴彦淖尔市五原县葵博园	木贼镰刀菌
WYKBY-5	内蒙古巴彦淖尔市五原县葵博园	尖孢镰刀菌
HD-2	内蒙古乌兰察布市化德县105省道边	尖孢镰刀菌
HD 1-1	内蒙古乌兰察布市化德县105省道边	尖孢镰刀菌
KBX-2	河北张家口市康保县	轮枝镰刀菌
YL-1	内蒙古巴彦淖尔市临河区永利村	木贼镰刀菌
DS-11	内蒙古鄂尔多斯市东胜区	尖孢镰刀菌

菌株 Strains	分类地位 Taxonomic status	病斑长度 Lesion length		菌株 Strains	分类地位 Taxonomic status	病斑长度 Lesion length
菌株 Strains	分类地位 Taxonomic status	列当 Broomrape	向日葵 Sunflower	菌株 Strains	分类地位 Taxonomic status	列当 Broomrape	向日葵 Sunflower
183 1-1	尖孢镰刀菌	1.77±0.21fg	0.50±0.24efg	DS-11	尖孢镰刀菌	3.73±0.45bc	1.13±0.26bcd
183 1-2	尖孢镰刀菌	3.10±0.14cde	1.23±0.37bc	183 2-4	茄病镰刀菌	3.47±0.29bc	1.23±0.21bc
183 2-1	尖孢镰刀菌	3.43±0.45cd	0.63±0.25efg	188 1-2	茄病镰刀菌	2.53±0.37def	0.67±0.09efg
GHC 1-1	尖孢镰刀菌	2.90±0.24cde	0.67±0.26efg	GHC 2-2	茄病镰刀菌	2.90±0.43cd	0.47±0.09efg
GHC 1-2	尖孢镰刀菌	4.60±0.45a	0.40±0.22efg	XHZ	茄病镰刀菌	2.87±0.41def	0.37±0.09fg
GHC 3-1	尖孢镰刀菌	3.73±0.31bc	0.57±0.17efg	XHZ 1-1	茄病镰刀菌	2.73±0.46def	0.40±0.08efg
XHZ 3-2	尖孢镰刀菌	3.20±0.36cd	1.43±0.25b	XHZ 1-2	茄病镰刀菌	2.13±0.21fg	0.73±0.21def
XHZ-15	尖孢镰刀菌	1.53±0.38gh	0.30±0.14fg	XHZ 1-7	茄病镰刀菌	3.60±0.50bc	0.53±0.26efg
XHZG2	尖孢镰刀菌	3.33±0.40cd	0.37±0.17fg	XHZ-10	茄病镰刀菌	2.23±0.33efg	0.73±0.25def
XXZ-9	尖孢镰刀菌	4.57±0.49a	0.83±0.05cde	XGD 3-13	木贼镰刀菌	3.50±0.14h	0.47±0.09efg
XXZ-13	尖孢镰刀菌	2.43±0.33def	2.33±0.29a	WYKBY-2	木贼镰刀菌	0.83±0.29h	0.83±0.29cde
XGD 3-10	尖孢镰刀菌	1.07±0.19bc	0.47±0.17efg	YL-1	木贼镰刀菌	2.93±0.41def	0.37±0.09fg
WYKBY-5	尖孢镰刀菌	0.80±0.22h	0.57±0.33efg	KBX-2	轮枝镰刀菌	2.53±0.37def	0.30±0.12fg
HD-2	尖孢镰刀菌	1.10±0.29h	0.53±0.25efg	XGD-1	层出镰刀菌	1.90±0.61gh	0.67±0.16efg
HD 1-1	尖孢镰刀菌	4.17±0.31ab	0.23±0.05efg

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