摘要： 为探究活化水对小麦生长及根系活力的影响，以小偃22号为供试品种，采用室内水培和大田试验相结合的方式，分析地下水经去电子、磁化、先去电子后磁化、先磁化后去电子等活化处理后对小麦种子发芽率、株高、叶片叶绿素含量（SPAD值）、地上与地下部干物质量、根系活力、根系构型及籽粒产量的影响。结果表明，大田条件下，同一灌溉量水平（180 mm），活化水灌溉的小麦拔节期-灌浆期株高与干物质量的增量显著高于地下水灌溉；且活化水灌溉的小麦籽粒产量较地下水灌溉处理提高了1.0%~17.8%。室内研究发现，与地下水处理相比，活化水培养可提高小麦种子发芽率（4.0%~64.3%）和叶片叶绿素含量（8.9%~17.3%），同时地上部干物质量、根干物质量和根系活力分别显著提高了59.6%~102.4%，35.9%~90.9%，75.8%~194.2%，各根系构型指标（总根长、总根表面积、总根体积、总根尖数等）也相应提高。总之，室内水培与大田试验均表明各类活化水能够促进小麦生长，提高根系活力，改善根系构型，增加叶片叶绿素含量，促进植株干物质量的累积，进而提高产量。

关键词: 小麦, 活化水, 发芽率, 根系活力, 根系构型, 产量

Abstract: To explore the effect of activated water on wheat growth and root activity, a combination of indoor hydroponic and field experiment was set up by using Xiaoyan 22 as the test variety, and the effects of groundwater after activation treatments such as de-electronation, magnetization, de-electronation before magnetization, magnetization before de-electronation etc. On seed germination rate, plant height, leaf chlorophyll content(SPAD), aboveground and underground biomass, root activity, root configuration and grain yield of wheat were studied. The results showed that under field condition, at the same irrigation level(180 mm), the increase in plant height and dry matter mass from jointing to filling stage of wheat irrigated by activated water was significantly higher than that of groundwater irrigation. And the grain yield of wheat irrigated with activated water increased by 1.0%-17.8% compared with groundwater irrigation treatment. Laboratory studies found, compared with groundwater treatment, activated water cultivation could increase the germination rate of wheat seeds(4.0%-64.3%) and leaf chlorophyll content(8.9%-17.3%), while the aboveground dry matter mass, root dry matter mass and root activity increased significantly by 59.6%-102.4%, 35.9%-90.9% and 75.8%-194.2%, respectively. And root configuration index(total root length, total root surface area, total root volume, total root tips, etc.) also increased accordingly. In summary, laboratory hydroponic and field experiments had shown that various types of activated water could promote wheat growth, enhance root activity, improve root configuration, increase leaf chlorophyll content, promote the accumulation of plant dry matter, and thereby raise yield.

Key words: Wheat, Activated water, Germination rate, Root activity, Root configuration, Yield

中图分类号: 

• S512.01