摘要： 采用盆栽试验,研究了翻压二月兰作绿肥对玉米生长、养分吸收及土壤肥力的影响。试验设CK(不施肥)、不同翻压量绿肥(50%G、G)、单施全量化肥(F)和绿肥与化肥配施(G+F)5个处理。结果表明,绿肥有一定的养分供应能力,翻压绿肥后玉米生物量、籽粒产量、养分吸收量显著提高,并随绿肥翻压量增加而增加。单翻压绿肥能满足玉米拔节期以前的生长需求,50%G和G处理玉米在拔节期的生物量、氮磷钾吸收量均与F及G+F处理相似。绿肥化肥配施可进一步促进玉米养分吸收,提高玉米产量,G+F处理成熟期玉米整株氮、磷、钾吸收量比F处理分别增加了10.8%,28.1%,45.8%,籽粒产量提高了9.1%。绿肥有促进玉米根系生长及提高磷、钾养分吸收能力的效果,单施绿肥以及绿肥与化肥配施后,玉米根系生物量、根冠比提高,对磷钾的相对吸收量明显高于对氮的相对吸收量。仅翻压绿肥后种植玉米对土壤无机氮和速效磷有明显的耗竭,绿肥化肥配施后土壤无机氮、速效磷、速效钾显著提高,说明绿肥化肥配施可有效改善土壤养分状况。
关键词:
二月兰,
绿肥,
玉米,
干物质积累,
养分吸收,
土壤养分
Abstract: A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of incorporation February Orchid,applied as green manure,on dry matter accumulation and nutrient uptake in maize and soil nutrient status. There were five treatments,control,two green manure incorporation rates(50% G and G),conventional fertilizer application rate(F) and green manure combined with fertilizer(G + F) in the experiment. The results showed that green manure application could supply a certain amount of nutrients. The biomass,grain yield and nutrient uptake of maize were significantly increased after green manure application,and were enhanced with the application rates as well. The biomass and N,P,K absorption in the treatments of 50% G and G were similar to those in F and G + F at jointing stage,indicating that sole green manure applications could satisfy the normal growth of maize before jointing. Com-pared with the F treatment,green manure combined with fertilizer application could further benefit the nutrient uptake and the grain yield of maize,i. e.,the G + F treatment increased the N,P,K uptake of maize at maturity by 10. 8%,28. 1%,45. 8%,respectively,and increased the yield by 9. 1%. Green manure application might have effects on the root growth and P,K uptake of maize,resulting in that root biomasses and root to shoot dry weight ratios were increased and relative P and K absorption rates were higher than N absorption rate in all treatments incorporated with green manure. Treatments with sole green manure(50% G and G) depleted the soil N min and Olsen-P, while the soil N min,Olsen-P,and NH 4 OAc-K were enhanced remarkably in the G + F treatment,showing that green manure combined with fertilizer application could effectively improve the soil nutrient status.
Key words:
February Orchid,
Green manure,
Maize,
Dry matter accumulation,
Nutrient uptake,
Soil nutrient
中图分类号:
杨璐, 曹卫东, 白金顺, 曾闹华, 高嵩涓, 常单娜, 志水胜好. 翻压二月兰对玉米干物质积累和养分吸收及土壤养分的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2014, 29(1): 183-189. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2014.01.033.
YANG Lu, CAO Wei-dong, BAI Jin-shun, ZENG Nao-hua, GAO Song-juan, CHANG Dan-na, SHIMIZU Katsuyoshi. Effects of February Orchid Application on Dry Matter Accumulation and Nutrient Uptake in Maize and Soil Nutrient Status[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2014, 29(1): 183-189. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2014.01.033.